Chapter 11: Corrective Strategies for the Foot and Ankle Flashcards
Abduction
A body segment is moving away from the midline of the body.
Adduction
A body segment is moving toward the midline of the body.
Pronation
A triplanar movement that is associated with force reduction.
Supination
A triplanar motion that is associated with force production.
Pes Planus
A flattened medial arch during weight-bearing.
Pes Cavus
A high medial arch when weight-bearing.
Extrinsic Muscles
Extrinsic foot muscles originate in the lower leg and insert in the foot as tendons.
Intrinsic Muscles
Refers to muscles located deep within a structure; more specifically the muscles closest to the axial and appendicular skeleton.
Subtalar Inversion
Occurs when bottom of the heel (inferior calcaneus) swings medially.
Supination of the Foot
A multiplanar, synchronized joint motion that occurs with concentric muscle function; the combination of subtalar inversion, plantarflexion, and adduction.
Subtalar Eversion
Occurs when the bottom of the heel (inferior calcaneus) swings laterally.
Pronation of the Foot
A multiplanar, synchronized joint motion that occurs with eccentric muscle function; the combination of subtalar eversion, dorsiflexion, and abduction.
Tendinopathy
A broad term encompassing pain, swelling, and impaired performance occurring in and around tendons in response to overuse; commonly associated with the Achilles’ tendon.
Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS)
Pain in the front of the tibia caused by an overload to the tibia and the associated musculature.
Ankle Sprain
An injury to the ankle ligaments in which small tears occur in the ligaments.
