Chapter 8 Socioemtional development in early childhood Flashcards
self-understanding
the childs cognative representation of self, the substance and content of the childs self-c0onceptions
moral development
development that involves thoughts, feelings and behaviours regarding rules and conventions about what people should do in their interations with other peoples.
heteronomous morality
The first stage of moral development in Piagets theory, occuring from approximatly 4 to 7 years of age. justice and rules are convived of as unchangable properties of the wolrd, removed from the control of people.
autonomous morality
In Piagets theory, displayed by older children (about 10 years of age and older). the child becomes aware that rules and laws are created by people and that in judging an action one should consider the actors intentions as well as the consequences.
immanent justice
the concept that if a rule is broekn punishment will be meted out immediately
conscience
An internal regulation of standards of right and wrong that involves an intergration of moral thought, feeling and behaviour
gender identity
The sense of being male or female, which most children acquire by the time they are 3 yrs old
gender typing
Acquisition of tradional masculine or feminine role
social roles theory
A theory that gender differences result from contrasting roles of men and women.
psychoanalytic theory of gender
A theory deriving from Freuds view that the preschool child develops a sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent, but by approx 5 or 6 yrs olf age renounces this attraction because of anxious feelings and subsequently identifies with the same-sex parent, unconciously adopting the same-sex parents chacteristics.
social cognative theory of gender
A theory that emphasises that childrens gender development occurs through the observation and imitation of gender behaviour and through rewards and punishments children experience for gender-appropriate and gender-inappropriate behaviour.
gender schema theory
The theory that gender typing emerges as children develop schemas of their culturs gender appropriate and gender inappropriate behaviour
authoritarian parenting
A restrictive, punitive style of parenting, in which parents exhort the child to follow their directions and to respect their work and effort. The authoritarian parent places firm limits and controls on the child and allows little verbal exhange. Authoritrain parenting is assosicated with the childrens social incompetence.
authoritative
A parenting style in which parents encouraged their children to be independant but still place limits and controls on their actions. Extensive verbal give and take is allowed and parents are warm and nurturing towards the child. Authoritative parenting is assosiated with childrens social comptence
neglectful parenting
a style of parenting in which the parent is very univolved in a childs life. it is assosiasted with social incomptence and especially a lack of self control
