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Esthetics, Salon Fundamentals, Exam Prep > Chapter 8: Skin Physiology > Flashcards

Chapter 8: Skin Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the skin’s functions is referred to as:

A

Skin physiology

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2
Q 
All of the following are functions of the skin EXCEPT: 
A) secretion
B) protection
C) absorption
D) excoriation
A

D) excoriation

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3
Q

Tiny openings that allow sweat or sebum to pass through the surface of the skin are called:

A

Pores

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4
Q

Which of the following provides the body with its first line of defense against infection by identifying foreign substances in the skin?

A

Immune cells

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5
Q

A complex mixture of fatty acids that keeps the skin soft, supple, and pliable is known as

A

Sebum

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6
Q 
Which of the following is NOT one of the main layers of the skin?
A) dermal
B) tendon
C) epidermal
D) subcutaneous
A

B) tendon

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7
Q

Which of the following layers of skin is known as the protective layer?

A

Epidermis

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8
Q

The epidermis is primarily composed of:

A

Keratinocytes

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9
Q

Which of the following is the toughest layer of the epidermis?

A

Stratum Corneum

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10
Q

Keratinocytes on the surface of the skin remain tightly interconnected by intercellular connections called:

A

Desmosomes

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11
Q

“Spiny” irregularly shaped cells are located in the:

A

Stratum spinosum

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12
Q

A strong protein substance that, when broken down, forms bundles that strengthen and give structure to the skin is:

A

Collagen

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13
Q

Which of the following is referred to as the “true skin”?

A

Dermis

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14
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a receptor of sensation in the dermal layer of the skin?
A) mast cells
B) Ruffini's corpuscles
C) Krause's end bulbs
D) Meissner's corpuscles
A

A) mast cells

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15
Q

What do sudoriferous glands produce?

A

Sweat

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16
Q 
Apocrine glands are located on all of the following parts of the body EXCEPT the:
A) feet
B) nipples
C) genitals
D) underarm area
A

A) feet

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17
Q 
Eccrine glands are most abundant in all of the following areas EXCEPT the: 
A) forehead
B) underarm area
C) soles of the feet
D) palms of the hands
A

B) underarm area

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18
Q

What is the male hormone that influences the production of sebum?

A

Androgen

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19
Q

What is the structure that insulates and acts as a shock absorber to protect the bones?

A

Subcutaneous layer

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20
Q

What is the name of the connective tissue that holds bones to other bones to form joints?

A

Ligaments

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21
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a form of tissue found in the skin?
A) nerve
B) muscular
C) connective
D) keratinocytes
A

D) keratinocytes

22
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a type of sensory cell? 
A) microphages
B) pain receptors
C) thermoreceptors
D) Pacinian corpuscles
A

A) microphages

23
Q

The removal of dead skin that stimulates new cell growth is called:

A

Exfoliation

24
Q 
All of the following are factors of skin absorption EXCEPT: 
A) hair follicles
B) hydration level
C) oiliness of the skin
D) temperature of the skin
A

A) hair follicles

25
Q

Which of the following refers to a change in the structure of the skin tissue?

A

Lesion

26
Q

Which secondary lesion is a dried mass that is the remains of an oozing sore?

A

Crust

27
Q

A hereditary rash, or an inflammation of the skin, characterized by dry, sensitive, irritated skin is called a(n)

A

Atopic dermatitis

28
Q

An allergic reaction that produces an eruption of wheals is known as

A

Hives

29
Q

Which of the following is a highly contagious viral infection that causes an eruption, blister-like cluster?

A

Herpes Simplex

30
Q 
Warts are most commonly found on the following areas of the body EXCEPT the:
A) feet
B) legs
C) hands
D) fingers
A

B) legs

31
Q

A chronic inflammatory condition of the face in which small capillaries of the face become dilated and inflamed is called:

A

Rosacea

32
Q 
Acne can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT:
A) genetics
B) emotional stress
C) hormonal changes
D) eating too much chocolate
A

D) eating too much chocolate

33
Q

What is another name for a whitehead?

A

Closed comedo

34
Q 
Which of the following is NOT a myth of acne? 
A) acne can be cleared up
B) acne must just run its course
C) acne is caused by a poor diet
D) acne is caused by poor hygiene
A

A) acne can be cleared up

35
Q

The layer of skin in which the cells are more regularly shaped and resemble many tiny granules is the:

A

Stratum granulosum

36
Q 
Which of the following is an ingredient used to dry, exfoliate, and help in killing bacteria?
A) Metrogel
B) androgen
C) Vitamin C
D) benzoyl peroxide
A

D) benzoyl peroxide

37
Q

A foul-smelling perspiration caused by the yeast and bacteria that break down the sweat on the surface of the skin is called:

A

Bromhidrosis

38
Q

Which of the following are small elevated growths that can easily be removed by a physician?

A

Skin tags

39
Q

What is a congenital disease that results in the failure of the skin to produce melanin?

A

Albinism

40
Q

A birthmark or congenital mole is called a:

A

Nevus

41
Q

A freckle is called a(n):

A

Lentigo

42
Q

Which of the following is a term used to identify a rapid onset of an intense and severe condition?

A

Acute

43
Q

The term used to describe symptoms that are frequent and continuing is:

A

Chronic

44
Q

A swelling of tissue or skin caused by an excessive accumulation of fluid in the tissues is called:

A

Edema

45
Q

Which of the following is the term for the buildup of skin cells on the epidermis?

A

Keratosis

46
Q

An inflammation in the skin that causes severe itching, usually on undamaged skin, is known as:

A

Pruritus

47
Q

Which of the following describes a disease that is active internally throughout the body system?

A

Systemic disease

48
Q

What does intrinsic aging indicate?

A

Natural aging process

49
Q

Which of the following is the number one factor in extrinsic aging?

A

Amount of sun exposure

50
Q 
The general appearance of sun-damaged skin shows all of the following major structural changes EXCEPT:
A) a leathery surface
B) irregular pigment
C) a significant increase of elasticity
D) numerous fine lines and wrinkles
A

C) a significant increase of elasticity

Esthetics, Salon Fundamentals, Exam Prep (14 decks)

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