Chapter 8: Quantitative Research Flashcards
1
Q
Number of Contacts
A
- cross-sectional
- before-and-after
- longitudional study
2
Q
Cross-sectional Studies
A
- epidemiological studies
- find out prevalence, attitude, problem of a phenomenon
- one contact with the study population
- 2 types: descriptive or analytical
3
Q
Advantage Cross-sectional Studies
A
easy and cheap
4
Q
Disadvantage Cross-sectional studies
A
- impossible to measure a change in a variable
5
Q
Before-and-After Studies
A
- participants are studies before and after the experimental manipulation
- assess impact of an intervention
- pre-test prior manipulation
- post-test after
6
Q
Advantage Before-After Studies
A
measure change
7
Q
Disadvantage Before-After Studies
A
- sensitive to extraneous variables
- expensive
- miss participant in the 2nd round
- “maturation effect”: time between tests
- “reactive effect”: instrument
- “regression effect”: change in attitude
8
Q
Longitudinal Study
A
- determine pattern of change in relation to time
- study same sample over time
9
Q
3 subtypes of Longitudinal Study
A
- panel
- cohort
- retroactive
10
Q
Preference Period of Study
A
- retrospective
- prospective
- retrospective - prospective
11
Q
Retrospective
A
- relationship between current phenomenon and another from the past
- using data from the past
12
Q
Prospective
A
- study a group of individuals for a defined period or until the occurrence of an event
- attempt to establish the onset of an event or what is likely to happen
- first time subjects are identified and then followed
13
Q
Retrospective-Prospective
A
- designs information on earlier periods and participants are followed prospectively
14
Q
Nature of Investigation
A
- Experimental
- Non-Experimental
- Quasi/Semi-Experimental
15
Q
Types of experimental studies
A
- post experimental
- before and after experimental
- control group
- double control group
- comparative desig
- matched control experimental
- placebo design
