Chapter 1: Research - a way of thinking Flashcards
Thinking Process
- Question what you observe
- Make an attempt to further explore
- Understand and explain your observations
- Draw conclusions and connections
What am I doing?
Why?
How?
How to improve?
Research Orientation
Observe Question Explore Test Understand
Research in health care
- research and practice are well integrated
- health care relies upon what was discovered through research
Evidence-Based-Practice
- 1992
- before: evidence-based medicine
- professionals should make decisions by identifying evidence
Goal EBP
eliminate risky or unsound practices in favor for those with better outcomes
Validity
Ensures that correct procedures have been applied to answer the research question
Reliability
Quality of a measurement procedure that provides repeatability and accuracy
Scientific Method
Systematic observation, classification and interpretation of data
Research Characteristics and Requirements
- Controlled
- Rigorous
- Systematic
- Valid and Verifiable
- Empirical
3 Perspectives in Research Classification
- Application Perspective
- Objectives Perspective
- Mode of Inquiry Perspective
Application perspective
2 categories
- pure research
- applied research
Objectives Perspective
4 categories
- descriptive research
- correlational studies
- explanatory research
- exploratory research
Quantitative approach
- rationalism
- structured set of procedures
- aim to quantify and generalize findings
- objectivity
- define an extent of an issue
Qualitative approach
- used to explore nature (why)
- describe a phenomenon
- information gathered on nominal or ordinal scales
Mixed Methods
- using different methods for data collection
- different samples
- data analysis from both qualitative and quantitative
When to use Mixed Methods
- explore from both perspectives
- when complete information from one source is difficult to obtain
- good quality
- make generalizations
- make explanations
- studies with multiple objectives
Sequential Studies
Mixed methods used one after the other
Simultaneous Studies
Mixed methods used parallel
Advantages of Mixed Methods
- better for more complex studies
- enhancement of research possibilities
- enrichment of data
- collecting additional evidence
Disadvantages of Mixed Methods
- more work and resources to process
- required additional skills
- resolving disagreements in data
