Chapter 8 - Quality Management Flashcards
What are quality control measurements?
Documented results of the control quality activities, captured in the format specified in the quality management plan.
A project document
How can data be represented to manage quality?
- affinity diagrams
- cause and effect diagrams (aka fish bone diagram)
- flowcharts
- histograms
- matrix diagrams
- scatter diagrams
What is the output of the control quality process?
Verified deliverables. It can now move to the Validate Scope process
What does the control quality process use to verify compliance to the standards set out initially?
Quality metrics, not acceptance criteria
What is the definition of quality?
The degree to which the project fulfills requirements.
Different from grade!
What does evaluating the cost of quality mean?
Making sure the project is not spending too much to achieve a particular level of quality, by looking at the costs of conformance and non conformance. Can be done through marginal analysis.
What is a SIPOC model?
Connections between supplier, inputs, process, output, customer
What is Design of Experiments (DOE)?
Experimentation to determine statistically what variables will improve quality for example designers use it to determine which combination of materials, structure, and construction will produce the highest quality product
Is a form of alternatives analysis
What is failure analysis?
A specific type of root cause analysis that analyses failed components of deliverables or failed processes to determine what led to that failure
What is a multi criteria decision analysis?
A complex method of numerically assessing options based on criteria such as time, cost, and quality.
A simpler decision-making technique is a prioritisation matrix
What is the difference between an audit and an inspection?
There is not really a difference?!
An audit tests where are you are complying with company policies, processes, and procedures as defined in the quality management plan, and determines whether they are efficient and affective. It is used as part of manage quality
Inspections are used to verify that deliverables meet the requirements and maybe referred to as audits or walk-throughs. It is done during the control quality process
What is Design for X (DfX)?
A set of technical guidelines that may be applied during the design of a product for the optimisation of a specific aspect of the design
What are the outputs of the manage quality process?
– Test and evaluation documents
– quality reports
– change requests & project management plan updates
– project documents updates like the issue log, lessons learned register and risk register
What is mutual exclusivity?
When two events cannot both occur in a single trial (e.g. getting both heads and tails with one coin)
What is a checksheet?
A checksheet is the type of checklist that can be used to keep track of data, such as quality problems and covered during inspections, as well as to document how often a particular defect occurs
E.g. a tally
What is statistical sampling and when should you do it?
When you check if statistically valid sample to represent the entire production. It is best to take a sample of the population if you believe that there are not many defects, or studying the entire population would take too long, or cost too much, or be too destructive
What is the difference between upper and lower control limits, and specification limits?
Control limits represent the performing organisation standards for quality and indicate what is stable versus unstable in the process. Specification limits represent the customers expectations or the contractual requirements for performance and quality on the project
Usually specification limits are outside the upper and lower control limits, or else it will add waste and extra management to the project to sort out acceptable items
What is the rule of seven?
Are you realistic that refers to a group or series of non-random data points that total seven on one side of the mean
