Chapter 8 Physical and Chemical injuries Flashcards
What is this?
Morsicatio Buccarum
cheek chewing—parafunctional habit
Morsicatio labiorum (labial mucosa) Morsicatio linguarum (tongue)
not a premalignant condition
What is this?
Oral petechiae
What is this?
Oral purpura
Larger than petechiae
What is this?
Amalgam tattoo
worst thing it could be is melanoma so take x-ray to see amalgam filling
Amalgam tattoos appear as macules or (rarely) as raised lesions which are blue, black, or gray in color
To confirm diagnosis, the clinician can take an XRAY of the affected areas
No treatment required if it can be detected via XRAY
However, biopsy must be done if not in order to rule out melanoma
Electical burns
5% of hospital burn admissions are for burns to the oral cavity
2 types: contact and arc
Arc is more common
Burn appears as a painless, charred, yellow area that doesn’t bleed
What is this?
Meth mouth
Many develop delusions of parasitosis
Rampant dental caries occurs
Affects facial smooth and interproximal surfaces first
Due to poor oral hygiene and extreme xerostomia, leading to consumption of sugary and acidic drinks/food
What is this?
BRONJ
Inhibit osteoclasts
Possibly interfere with angiogenesis
Slow osseous involvement of cancer
Treat Paget’s disease
Reverse osteoporosis
Second-generation bisphosphonates are incorporated into the skeleton and have a half-life of 10 years
95% of BRONJ occurs in patients who have received IV formulations for cancer
Prevalence of osteonecrosis in patients taking IV bisphosphonates is up to 6-8%
Prevalence of osteonecrosis in patients taking oral bisphosphonates is 1:100,000
What is this?
Antral pseudocyst
Common findings on panoramic XRAYS
Appears as a dome-shaped
serum, not mucin
What is the unique form of traumatic ulcerations?
TUGSE
Traumatic Ulcerative Granuloma with Stromal Eosinophilia: gets into the muscle
What is this?
Smoker’s malanosis
Nicotine stimulates melanin production
Most commonly affects anterior facial gingiva
Other products that cause mucosal necrosis?
Tooth whitening products
Hydrogen peroxide
Phenol
Silver Nitrate
EDTA
Cotton roll
What is this?
Oral thermal burn
Mucositis
White discoloration from a lack of sufficient desquamation of keratin
Soon followed by a loss of keratin and replacement by atrophic mucosa
Areas of ulceration develop
Other complications of cancer treatments
Xerostomia
Loss of taste (hypogeusia), permanent altered taste (dysgeusia)
Osteoradionecrosis, Risk increases dramatically if a local surgical procedure is performed within 3 weeks of therapy or within 1 year after therapy
Trismus
Developmental abnormalities
What is this?
Exfoliative cheilitis
Constant licking lips
Submucosal hemorrhage
Petechiae (small)
Purpura (bigger)
Ecchymosis (biggest)
What is this?
Susuk
implantation of a form of talisman (magical charm)
No clinical evidence exists; only found via routine XRAY
What are 4 common drugs that cause chemical burns in the mouth?
Aspirin
Bisphosphonates
2 psychoactive drugs: chlorpromazine and promazine
What is this?
Linea alba
Associated with pressure, irritation, or sucking trauma
Located on the buccal mucosa at the level of the occlusal plane
Noninfectious Oral Complications of Antineoplastic Therapy
100% of pts receiving H&N radiation have oral ramifications
75% of pts receiving BMT have oral complications
mucositis and hemorrhage
What is this?
Traumatic Ulcerations
Most common injuries are on lips, tongue, and buccal mucosa, Injured from dentition
Appears as areas of erythema surrounding a central removable, yellow fibrinopurulent membrane
Riga-Fede disease caused by natal teeth
