Chapter 5 Bacterial Infections Flashcards
What is this?
Imetigo
Caused by Staph Aureus and Strep Pyogenes
2 forms: bullous and nonbullous
Nonbullous impetigo
More prevalent
occurs on the legs and face
contagious
itching causes spread
Bullous impetigo
More common in infancy
Can lead to meningitis, pneumonia, and glomerulonephritis
Rupture and form lacquer
What is this?
Step throat
Group A beta hemolytic strep, influenza virus and EBV
Majority are viral
Sign and symptoms: sore throat, dysphagia, tonsillar hyperplasia, fever
What are the sequelae of bacterial strep throat?
Scarlet fever, rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease, acute glomerulonephritis
How does scarlet fever present?
Oral: First 2 days white strawberry tongue
4-5 days red strawberry tongue
Dermatologic: week 1 skin erythema
3-8 weeks desquamation
Pastia’s lines (rash in area of pressure and skin folds presenting as transverse red streaks)
What is this?
Tonsillolith or tonsillar concretions
desquamated keratin and foreign material
become colonized with actinomyces spp.
before calcification it is termed tonsillar concretions and after tonsillolith
What bacteria causes diphtheria?
cornebacterium diphtheriae
humans are the only reservoir
What bacteria causes syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
Primary syphilis is characterized by a chancre at the site of inoculation (3-90 days after inoculation) Painless ulcer
Secondary syphilis- aka disseminated syphilis 4-10 weeks post infection, painless lymphadenopathy
Teritiary syphilis- 1-30 years after secondary, only 30% of patients progress to this, tongye lesions called syphilitic glossitis, Gumma (scattered foci of granulomatous inflammation)
What bacteria causes gonorrhea?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
What causes tuberculosis?
Mycobacterium tubuerculosis
acid fast bacteria
Lupus vulgaris=TB of the skin
Scrofula=mycobacterial infection caused by contaminated cows milk (enlarged cervical lymphnode)
caseating granulomatous inflammation
What causes leprosy?
Mycobacterium leprae
armadillo is the host
Tuberculoid=paucibacilliary
Lepromatous=multibacilliary
Collapse of bridge of nose=pathognomonic
What is a noma?
Polymicrobial (fusobacterium necrophorum and prevotella intermedia)
usually follows measles
What causes actinomycosis?
Actinomyces israelii
Sulfur granules
What causes cat-scratch disease
Bartonella henselae
Most common cause of chronic regional lymphadenopathy in children
If up by the eye it is called oculoglandular syndrome of parinaud
