Chapter 7 Viral Infections Flashcards
What is this?
pharyngotonsillitis
initial symptoms: fever, sore throat, and headache
Congenital rubella sydnrome triad
deafness (80%)
heart disease
cataracts
Virtical transimission during first trimester is 80%
What is this?
Herpangina
soft palate and tonsilar pilars
red macules
What is this
Rubeola (measles)
Paramyxovirus
resipratory droplets
infectious 2d before symptoms and 4d after rash
Nine day measles: 3 stages with 3 days
First stage: 3 c’s + fever +koplik spots
second stage: rash begins fromt the head down
third stage: rash fades in the same as it presented
What type of virus is the human herpes virus?
DNA
What is the histopathology of HSV-1?
Multinucleation
Ballooning degeneration: Acanthylosis (separation of cells from each other), Nuclear clearing, and Nuclear enlargement
Tzanck cells (free floating cells)
What is this?
VZV
Ramsay Hunt syndrome
Cutaneous lesion of the external auditory canal
Involvement of ipsilateral face and auditory nerves
Facial paralysis
Hearing deficits
Vertigo
What is this?
Hand foot and mouth disease
associated with flu-like symptoms
Oral lesions arise first & without prodrome
Resemble those of herpangina, but larger and more numerous
Up to 30 lesions; up to 1 cm in diameter
Affect buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, and tongue most commonly
Cutaneous lesions:
Borders of palms & soles
Ventral surfaces & sides of fingers and toes
CMV
Owl eye cells
can reside in salivary gland cells, endothelium, macrophages and lymphocytes
EBV
most common presentation is infectious mononucleosis
Other manifestations
Oral hairy leukoplakia
Lymphomas: African’s Burkitt’s lymphoma
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Diagnosis is the presence of Paul-Bunnell heterophil antibodies
What is this?
Mumps
disease of exocrine glands
25% of post-pubertal males get epididymorchitis
What is this?
Primary Herpetic gingivostomatitis
Before age 5
Affects both movable and attached gingiva
Self-inoculation
Leading infectious cause of blindness is HHV
Where do intraoral reccurent HSV-1 infections occur?
Always on keratinized bound mucosa
Classification of enteroviruses
echoviruses
coxsackievirus
poliovirus
What is this?
Oral hairy leukoplakia
EBV (HHV-4)
What is this?
Rubella (german measles)
Togavirus
capacity to induce birth defects
3 day measles
Arthritis
What is the timetable of an HSV-1 infection?
Vesicles rupture in the by day 2
Heals without scaring in 7-10 days
Symptoms are most severe in the first 8h
What is this?
Koplik spots
Rubeola
paramyxovirus
grains of salt on red background
List the types of herpes viruses
HSV-1
HSV-2
VZV
EBV
CMV
KSHV
What is the tingling sensation you get before a reccurent herpes infection called?
Prodrome
What is this
Forchheimer’s sign
rubella
togavirus
Where are HHV-1 and HHV-2 in the latent phase?
They are taken up by the sensory nerves and transoported to the associated ganglia
Most common is the trigeminal ganglia
What is this?
Acute lymphonodular pharyngitis
1-5 yellow to dark-pink nodules on the soft palate and tonsillar pilars
hyperplastic lymphoid aggregates
VZV
Primary infection is chicken pox
Herpes zoster is recurrence
Latency occurs in dorsal spinal root gangila
If oral lesions occur they are on both attached and unattached gingiva
Terminate at midline because they only affect one side
If tip of the nose in involved it may be a sign that occular involvment can occur and ophthamologist refferal is necessary
list other presentations of HSV-1
Herpetic whitlow
Herpes gladiatorum or scrumpox
Herpes barbae
HIV and AIDS
Oral manifestations
CD4+ helper T lymphocytes
Candidiasis (1/3 of HIV and 90% of AIDS)
Hairy leukoplakia
Kaposi’s sarcoma
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma
Periodontal disease
