Chapter 6 Fungal and Protazoal Disease Flashcards
What causes candidiasis?
Candida albicans
2 forms yeast and hyphal
Yeast form- innocuous
Hyphal form- invasion of host tissues
Most common oral fungal infection in humans
What are the 4 patterns of candidiasis?
Pseudomembranous
Erythematous
Chronic hyperplastic
Mucocutaneous
What are the 5 types of erythematous candidiasis?
Median rhomboid glossitis
Chronic mutilfocal
Angular cheilitis
Denture stomatitis
Acute atrophic (antibiotic sore mouth)
What is this?
Median rhomboid glossitis
loss of filiform papilla
What is this?
Denture stomatitis
Chronic atrophic candidiasis
What is this?
Angular cheilitis
Older patients with decreased veritcal demention
Usually a combo of Staph A and Candida albicans
Clincal patern termed cheilocandidiasis
Facts about pseudomembranous candidiasis
Best recognized form
Thrush
Removable
Buccal mucosa, dorsal tongue, palate
If bleeding when removed most likely have lichen planus occuring as well
Facts about erythematous candidiasis
More common than pseudomembranous
Facts of chronic multifocal candidiasis
Median rhomboid glossitis + sign of infection at other sites
Facts about chronic hyperplastic candidiasis
aka candidal leukoplakia
White patches that cannot be removed
Anterior buccal mucosa
Facts about mucocutaneous candidiasis
APECED (autoimmune-polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy)
What medications are used to treat candidiasis?
Nystatin
Amphotericin B
Imidazole agents (Clotrimazole)
When shouldn’t you use Nystatin?
In a patient with xerostomia because it is really bitter so they add a lot of sugar to it
effectiveness depends on direct contact so multiple daily doses are necessary
Histoplasmosis
Histoplasma capsulatum
Ohio and Mississippi river valley
spores
Most oral lesions occur with the disseminated form
Blastomycosis
Blastomyces dermatitidis
Easter areas of US into Canada
Inhaled spores after rain
Pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (looks like cancer to the untrained eye)
