Chapter 8: Neuroendocrinology

Question 1

A chemical signal that is released outside the body by one species and affects the behavior of other species.

Answer 1

allomone

Question 2

Also called monoamine hormone. A hormone composed of a single amino acid that has been modified into a related molecule, such as melatonin or epinephrine.

Answer 2

amine hormone

Question 3

Any of a class of hormones that includes testosterone and other male hormones.

Answer 3

androgen

Question 4

The front division of the pituitary gland; it secretes tropic hormones.

Answer 4

anterior pituitary

Question 5

Also called antidiuretic hormone. A peptide hormone from the posterior pituitary that promotes water conservation and increases blood pressure.

Answer 5

arginine vasopressin (AVP) or vasopressin

Question 6

A gland that secretes products into the bloodstream to act on distant targets.

Answer 6

endocrine gland

Question 7

Referring to glands that release chemicals to the interior of the body. These glands secrete the principal hormones used by the body.

Answer 7

endocrine

Question 8

Any of a class of steroid hormones produced by female gonads.

Answer 8

estrogen

Question 9

A gonadotropin, named for its actions on ovarian follicles.

Answer 9

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 10

An anterior pituitary hormone that selectively stimulates the cells of the gonads to produce sex steroids and gametes.

Answer 10

gonadotropin

Question 11

A hypothalamic hormone that controls the release of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone from the pituitary.

Answer 11

gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)

Question 12

A chemical secreted by an endocrine gland that is conveyed by the bloodstream and regulates target organs or tissues.

Answer 12

hormone

Question 13

A hormone, released from the posterior pituitary, that triggers milk letdown in the nursing female.

Answer 13

oxytocin

Question 14

A chemical signal that is released outside the body of an animal and affects other members of the same species.

Answer 14

pheromone

Question 15

A small, complex endocrine gland located in a socket at the base of the skull.

Answer 15

pituitary gland

Question 16

A hormone that consists of a string of amino acids.

Answer 16

protein hormone or peptide hormone

Question 17

A slow-acting substance in a target cell that amplifies the effects of synaptic or hormonal activity and regulates activity within the target cell.

Answer 17

second messenger

Question 18

Oxytoxin, Insulin, and Vasopressin are _______ hormones.

Answer 18

Protein hormones

Question 19

Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and melatonin are _______ hormones.

Answer 19

Amine hormones

Question 20

Glucocorticoids, androgens, and estrogens are ________ hormones.

Answer 20

Steroid hormnes

Question 21

ACTH, FSH, LH, TSH, growth hormone and glucagon are _______ hormnes.

Answer 21

Protein hormones.

Question 22

Research method when a brain is sliced in thin sections and placed on photographic film. Radioactive emissions from the tissue expose the film.

Answer 22

Autoradiography

Question 23

Research method that enables us to map the distribution of hormone receptors in the brain. Specific antibodies seek out and bind to receptors on slices of brain tissue.

Answer 23

Immunocytochemistry