Chapter 8 Nail structure and gross Flashcards

1
Q

The hard protective plate located at the end of the finger or toe is called the

Natural nail , matrix , cuticle, ligament

A

Natural nail

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2
Q

The fingernails and toenails are part of which body system

digestive system, reproductive system, integumentary system, respiratory system

A

Integumentary system

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3
Q

The_of the nails can reflect the general health of the body

Length, width, thickness, overall appearance

A

Overall appearance

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4
Q

Which of the following is technically referred to as the onyx

The matrix, the natural nail, the eponychium, the bed epithelium

A

The natural nail

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5
Q

The natural nail is primarily composed of what substance

Bile, hyponychium, keratin, carbohydrates

A

Keratin

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6
Q

A normal healthy nail is firm and flexible shiny slightly pink in color with a_surface

Smooth, hardened, brittle, thin

A

Smooth

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7
Q

The Keratin in natural nails is___the keratin in hair or skin

The same as, softer than, darker than, more durable than

A

More durable than

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8
Q

The nail plate is relatively__to water allowing it to pass much more easily than it will pass through normal skin of equal thickness

Resistant, porous, opposed, absorbent

A

Porous

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9
Q

The lower the water content in the nail the__

More rigid, darker, less rigid, lighter

A

More rigid

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10
Q

The portion of living skin that supports the nail plate as it grows towards the free edge is called the__

Nail growth, nail fold, nail unit, nail bed

A

Nail bed

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11
Q

The area under the nail plate has an__appearance extending from the Lenola to just before the free edge of the nail

Bluish, pinkish, greenish, yellowish

A

Pinkish

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12
Q

Where are the nail plate cells formed

The matrix, the bed epithelium, the bone marrow, the ligaments

A

The matrix

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13
Q

What is the whitish half moon shape at the base of the nail called

The nail plate, the Lunula, the eponychium, the hyponychium

A

The Lunula

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14
Q

The matrix area contains nerves Length and_to nourish the matrix cells

Water supply, blood vessels, plasma, arteries

A

Blood vessels

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15
Q

The_is the most visible and functional part of the nail unit

Cuticle, nail plate, bed epithelium, matrix

A

The nail plate

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16
Q

The free edge_

Is an integral part of the matrix, extends over the tip of the finger or toe, attaches directly to the nail bed, guides the nail plate along the nail bed

A

Extends over the tip of the finger or toe

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17
Q

The cuticle is the dead_tissue attached to the nail plate

Colorless, pinkish, flaky, hardened

A

Colorless

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18
Q

Cuticle tissue is incredibly_and difficult to remove from the nail plate

Easy, sticky, difficult, tedious

19
Q

The living skin at the base of the nail plate covering the matrix area is the_

, cuticle, hyponychium, matrix,
eponychium

A

Eponychium

20
Q

The_is the slightly thickened layer of skin that lies between the fingertips and the free edge of the nail plate

Eponychium hyponychium cuticle matrix

A

Hyponychium

21
Q

A tough band of fibrous tissue that connects bones or holds An organ in place is called

A tendon, a group, a tibia, a ligament

22
Q

Nail techs are allowed to gently push back the Eponychium but are prohibited from cutting or trimming any part of it because it is

A vital part of the nail unit, necessary for nail shape, critical to nail health, living skin

A

Living skin

23
Q

Cuticle conditioners are designed for the eponychium lateral sidewalls and

Cuticle, nail plate, fingertips, hyponychium,

A

Hyponychium

24
Q

Cuticle removers when carefully applied to the nail plate can speed removal of stubborn ___

Sidewall tissue, nailbed tissue, free edge tissue, cuticle tissue

A

Cuticle tissue

25
Ligaments are located at the base of the_and are around the edges of the nail bed Nail plate, sidewalls, matrix, Lunula
Matrix
26
The_are folds of normal skin that surround the nail plate Nail folds, nail beds, nail grooves, matrices
Nail folds
27
The sidewall also called the_is the fold of skin overlapping the side of the nail Vertical nail fold, corrugation , horizontal nail fold, lateral nail fold
Lateral nailfold
28
A normal nail grows forward from the_and extends over the tip of the finger Matrix , Lunula, free edge, nail bed
Matrix
29
The length width and curvature of the_determine the thickness width and curvature of the natural nail plate Ligament, matrix , free edge, bed epithelium
Matrix
30
What can be done to make the nail plate grow thicker Basic manicure, hot oil manicure, spa manicure , nothing
Nothing
31
Nails grow slowest at what time of the year Summer fall spring winter
Winter
32
The nail of the_grows the fastest Thumb , index finger, middle finger, pinky finger
Middle finger
33
Nails of_grow at a slower rate than others Children, adults, the elderly , adolescence
The elderly
34
Because of hormonal changes in the body nail growth_during the last trimester of pregnancy Increases dramatically , stops altogether , decreases dramatically , varies dramatically
Increases dramatically
35
What causes the dramatic increases and decreases the rate of nail growth during and after pregnancy A lack of prenatal vitamins, changes in diet, the use of prenatal vitamins, hormonal changes
Hormonal changes
36
Compared to the matrix found on fingernails the matrix found on toenails is Shorter, longer, darker in color, lighter in color
Longer
37
Compared to fingernails and toenails grow Thinner, slower, softer , faster
Slower
38
How long does the replacement of the natural fingernail take 2 to 3 weeks, 6 to 8 weeks, 2 to 4 months, 4 to 6 months
For to six months like half a year
39
How long does it take for the natural replacement of a toenail 8 to 10 weeks, 4 to 6 months, 9 to 12 months, 12 to 16 months
9 to 12 months
40
The natural nail is considered an appendage of the Skin ,hair ,bone ,nailbed
Skin
41
The surface of a normal healthy nail is_ Has hollows ,is unspotted ,has wavy ridges ,has excessive curvature
Unspotted
42
 Oil based nail conditioners_ Are not recommended, can improve nails flexibility, can increase water loss, can soften cuticles
Can improve nails flexibility
43
Nail folds form the nail groove or_on each side of the nail Furrow, depression, trench, wrinkle
Furrow
44
As a person ages parts of the nail matrix begin to permanently slow down production causing the nail plate to develop a series of_running the length of the plate Wavy bridges, wavy furrows, hard depressions, narrow grooves
Narrow grooves