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Study Test Guide > Ch 11 Nail product chemistry simplified > Flashcards

Ch 11 Nail product chemistry simplified Flashcards

1
Q

_Is not a chemical but soil ,water ,and oxygen are

light, soil, water, oxygen

A

Light

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2
Q

Petroleum oil can be chemically converted into____, but not into Acetone sugar or water

Sugar, water, acetone , vitamin C

A

Vitamin C

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3
Q

In medieval times alchemist researched in vain for ways to turn ___ into ___

Water wine
Wine, water
Gold lead
Lead gold

A

Lead into gold

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4
Q

Vapors are formed when liquids_into the air

Spray
Boil
Lift
Evaporate

A

Evaporate

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5
Q

_Are a blend of soot like particles mixed with vapors,

Fumes, gases, solvents , emulsions

A

Fumes

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6
Q

An_is a chemical that causes two surfaces to stick together

A plasticizer
An adhesive
Monomer
A polymer

A

Adhesive

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7
Q

A nail polish base coat is a type of_

Wrap
oligomer
Primer
Initiator

A

Primer

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8
Q

Name the three types of basic primers

Acid based
Nonacid
Acid free
Dual acid

A

Acid-based, non-acid, acid free

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9
Q

A substance that can cause visible and permanent skin or Eye damage is

Corrosive
Adhesive
Polymer
A catalyst

A

Corrosive

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10
Q

A corrosive acid based primer can cause painful burns and_ to soft tissue and eyes

Cuts, nicks , scars, scalds

A

Scars

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11
Q

How much primer is typically recommended for most clients

None
one coat
2-3 coats
up to 10 coats

A

One coat

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12
Q

Which type of primer contains methoacrylic acid?

Acid base primer
Dual acid primer
Non-acid primer
Acid free primer

A

Acid base primer

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13
Q

scrubbing the nail plate gets rid of the bacteria and_that cause fingernail infections

Mold
Mildew
Debris
Fungi

A

Fungi

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14
Q

The affects of a nail dehydrator will typically wear off within_minutes

15
30
45
60

A

30

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15
Q

An abrasive or buffer of_ grid is recommended for preparing the nail plate for a nail enhancement product

80
160
240
400

A

240

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16
Q

The thinner the nail plate the_it will be

Weaker
Stronger
Wider
Longer

A

Weaker

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17
Q

Ideally the nail plate should be __ before you apply a nail enhancement product

Thick and weak
Thin and weak
Thick and strong
Thin and strong

A

Thick and strong

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18
Q

___Filing damages both nail plate and the underlying sensitive tissues of the nail bed

Routine
Natural
Strong
Rough

A

Rough

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19
Q

Overfiling The nail can lead to free edge product separation which is also known as__

Curling
Splintering
Chipping
Speckling

20
Q

Proper preparation of the nail plate for nail enhancements includes removing all dead tissue for the side walls and_as well as bacteria fungi oil and moisture from the nail plate

Eponychium
Cuticle
Nail bed
Free edge

21
Q

Soaking the nail plate in any liquid including water and acetone will temporarily soften the nail plate surface for up to_minutes

10
20
30
60

22
Q

If a coating cures or polymerizes it undergoes a_reaction

Hydrophilic
Lipophilic
Chemical
Physical

23
Q

The gigantic chains of molecules that make up UV gel wraps and adhesives are called

Monomers
Polymers
Acrylates
Oligomers

24
Q

Polymers usually take which for

Solid
Gas
Liquid
Vapor

A

Solid like acrylic

25
Q

The terms cure curing or ___ are sometimes used synonymously with polymorization

Softening
Strengthening
Supporting
Hardening

26
Q

Because nail plates are made of a protein called_they’re considered polymers

Melanin
Keratin
Corpuscule
Neuron

27
Q

The individual molecules that make up polymers are called_

Oligomers
Monomers
UV stabilizers
Plasticizers

28
Q

What special ingredient triggers polymerization

The catalyst
The initiator
The oligomer
The pigment

A

The initiator

29
Q

How long does it take the polymer chains and nail enhancements to reach their ultimate lengths

Several days
Several hours
Several seconds
Several minutes

A

Several days

30
Q

If a catalyst is added to a chemical reaction what does it do

Nothing
Stops the reaction
Slows the reaction
Speeds up the reaction

A

Speeds up the reaction

31
Q

Without_it would take UV gel products two or three hours to harden into nail enhancements

Oligomers
Methyl methacrylate monomer MMA
Overexposure
A cross Linker

32
Q

Liquid and powder systems use_that gather energy from the heat of the room or hand while UV curing products use photo initiators that derive their extra energy from exposure to UV

Endothermic initiators
Exothermic, processors
Thermal initiators
Photo processors

A

thermal initiators

33
Q

Products with simple polymer chains are easily damaged by sharp in packs or

Foods
Solvents
Marker ink
Heavy stresses

A

Heavy stress

34
Q

Compared to uncross linked products cross linked nail enhancements

Take less time to remove in acetone
Take more time to remove in acetone
Take an equal amount of time to remove in acetone
Cannot be removed in acetone

A

Take more time to remove in acetone

35
Q

All nail enhancements and adhesives are based on a family of chemical ingredients called

Polymers
monomers
Acrylics
Coatings

36
Q

All monomer liquid and polymer powder’s are based on

Acrylates,
cyanoacrylate’s
Amacrylates
methacrylates

A

Metha-acrylates

37
Q

One of the reasons methyl methacrylate monomer MMA should not be used is because_

It is extremely difficult to remove, and will not dissolve in product remover

It is a safe substance that is widely used for many applications

It is not dangerous to inhale when there is proper ventilation

It is not absorbed into the blood to affect health

A

It is extremely difficult to remove and doesn’t dissolve in products removers

38
Q

The vast majority of chemicals people come into contact with during a lifetime are completely safe and most are

Beneficial
Harmless
Easy to use
Nontoxic

A

Beneficial

39
Q

The majority of ingredients in evaporation coatings are_or quickly evaporating solvents

Highly flammable
Polymer based
Volatile
Monomer based

40
Q

In nail enhancements what is the function of a UV stabilizer

To improve flexibility
To control color stability
To increase rigidity
To prevent chipping

A

To control color stability

41
Q

Which types of nail enhancements are made from organic substances

All of them
None of them
Polymer based enhancements
Evaporation coatings

A

All of them

42
Q

When problems with nail enhancements occur they’re least likely to be caused by

Improper maintenance
Improper application
Improper removal
Nail products

A

Nail products

43
Q

_Said all substances are poisons there is no that is not a poison only the dose differentiates between a poison and a remedy

Jeff pink
Charles Revson
Paracelsus
Queen Nefertiti

A

 Paracelsus

44
Q

Which of the statements about toxicity is true

There are many substances that are completely non-toxi
Toxicity is determined by overexposure
No toxic products can be used safely
Toxic products should never be used in the salon

A

Toxicity is determined by overexposure

45
Q

Local_ systems are very effective ventilators and will help prevent overexposure if the manufacturers recommendations are followed

Dust capture
Air cleanser
Air purifier
Source capture

A

Source capture

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