Chapter 8 - Motivation: From Concepts to Applications Flashcards
job design
The way the elements in a job are organized.
job characteristics model (JCM)
A model proposing that any job can be described in terms of five core job dimensions:
skill variety
task identity
task significance
autonomy
feedback.
skill variety
The degree to which a job requires a variety of different activities.
task identity
The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole and identifiable piece of work.
task significance
The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the lives or work of other people.
autonomy
The degree to which a job provides substantial freedom and discretion to the individual in scheduling the work and in determining the procedures to be used in carrying it out.
feedback
The degree to which carrying out the work activities required by a job results in the individual obtaining direct and clear information about the effectiveness of their performance.
motivating potential score (MPS)
A predictive index that suggests the motivating potential in a job.
MPS = (skill variety + task identity + task significance / 3) * autonomy * feedback
job rotation
The periodic shifting of an employee from one task to another.
job enrichment
Adding high-level responsibilities to a job to increase intrinsic motivation.
relational job design
Constructing jobs so employees see the positive difference they can make in the lives of others directly through their work.
flextime
flexible work hours
job sharing
An arrangement that allows two or more individuals to split a traditional 40-hour-a-week job.
telecommuting
Working from home at least 2 days a week through virtual devices that are linked to the employer’s office.
employee involvement and
participation (EIP)
A participative process that uses the input of employees to increase employee commitment to organizational success
participative management
A process in which subordinates share a significant degree of decision making power with their immediate superiors.
representative participation
A system in which workers participate in organizational decision making through a small group of representative employees.
variable-pay program
A pay plan that bases a portion or all of an employee’s pay on some individual and/or organizational measure of performance.
piece-rate pay plan
A pay plan in which workers are paid a fixed sum for each unit of production completed.
merit-based pay plan
A pay plan based on performance appraisal ratings.
bonus
A pay plan that rewards employees for recent performance rather than historical performance.
profit-sharing plan
An organization-wide program that distributes compensation based on some established formula designed around a company’s profitability.
employee stock ownership plan (ESOP)
A company-established benefits plan in which employees acquire stock, often at below-market prices, as part of their benefits.
flexible benefits
A benefits plan that allows each employee to put together a benefits package individually tailored to their own needs and situation.
employee recognition program
A plan to encourage specific employee behaviors by formally appreciating specific employee contributions.
