chapter 8 mineral question key Flashcards
2a sedentary lifestyle with little exercise, using tobacco, and consuming excess alc are risk factor for this
osteoporosis
stomach acid, table salt, and salt substitutes contain this mineral
chloride
what is pica
craving for and consuming nonfood items like ice, clay dirt, cornstarch and paper
deficiency symptoms include anemia, intolerance to cold temps, and pica
iron
deficiency symptoms include pica, poor appetite, poor wound healing, and slowed sexual development
zinc
people on certain types of diuretics may habe to increase these two minerals in their diet to avoid a deficiency
potassium and magnesium
used to make a hormone that regulates your basal metabolic rate
iodine
deficiency of this mineral includes osteopenia, osteoporosis, stunted growth, and tetany
calcium
which type of iron is best absorbed
heme iron
iodine deficiency occurring during pregnancy causes
cretinism in infants
the #1 cause of fatal accidental poisoning among US children
iron
milk and milk products are excellent sources of these minerals
calcium and phosphorus
at least 80% of this mineral comes into our bodies from processed and fast foods
sodium
toxicity of this mineral will cause white or brown discoloration of teeth in young children
fluoride
deficiency can mimic diabetes mellitus
chromium
the body structures most responsible for excreting excess minerals from the body
kidneys
aging, low blood levels of sex hormones, genetics, poor intake of vitamin D and calcium are considered risk factors for
osteoporosis
good sources are milk, dairy products, and caramel/brown colored soft drinks
phosphorus
MFP factor and vitamin C promote this mineral’s absorption
iron
may appear in minutes with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, intestinal bleeding, shock, coma, maybe death
iron supplements
iodine deficiency occurring any time after birth causes
simple goiter
frequently used to create bridges in proteins to hold the proteins in their 3-dimensional shapes
sulfur
in hemoglobin to help with oxygen transport and myoglobin to assist in oxygen storage
iron
added to some water sources and toothpastes to aid in the strengthening of teeth and bones
fluoride
polyphenols in tea and coffee, phytates in grains, oxalates, and tannins in tea reduce this mineral’s absorption
iron
important as a buffer and is a part of ATP, DNA,RNA, and cellular membranes
phosphorus
critical in regulating and maintaining your heartbeat
potassium
added to some salts as a way for our population to consume sufficient amounts
iodine
seafood is an excellent source of
magnesium, iodine, iron, zinc, selenium, copper, and fluoride
helps insulin attach to cells and assists in energy release from glucose
chromium
two major minerals are often found in very small amts in many fresh foods and often found in much greater amounts in the same foods after processing
sodium and chloride
this mineral supports a healthy immune system, acts as a cofactor in hemoglobin, is needed for collagen synthesis, and assists with iron absorption and energy release
copper
the liver combines ___ with toxic compounds to form harmless compounds
sulfur
one of the best ways to decrease this mineral is by reducing or limiting processed foods and replacing them with fresh fruits and veggies
sodium
sources include whole grains, seafood, chocolate, and this mineral is easily lost during processing
magnesium
strengthens bones and teeth and is important in muscle contraction and blood clotting
calcium
toxicity is associated with increased calcium excretion, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cerebral hemorrhage
sodium
deficiency of this mineral interferes with the brain’s detection of thirst
potassium
a mineral that often works as an antioxidant
selenium
practicing moderation is often encouraged with this mineral to help prevent high blood pressure
sodium
