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nutrition final > chapter 8 mineral question key > Flashcards

chapter 8 mineral question key Flashcards

1
Q

a sedentary lifestyle with little exercise, using tobacco, and consuming excess alc are risk factor for this

A

osteoporosis

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2
Q

stomach acid, table salt, and salt substitutes contain this mineral

A

chloride

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3
Q

what is pica

A

craving for and consuming nonfood items like ice, clay dirt, cornstarch and paper

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4
Q

deficiency symptoms include anemia, intolerance to cold temps, and pica

A

iron

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5
Q

deficiency symptoms include pica, poor appetite, poor wound healing, and slowed sexual development

A

zinc

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6
Q

people on certain types of diuretics may habe to increase these two minerals in their diet to avoid a deficiency

A

potassium and magnesium

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7
Q

used to make a hormone that regulates your basal metabolic rate

A

iodine

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8
Q

deficiency of this mineral includes osteopenia, osteoporosis, stunted growth, and tetany

A

calcium

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9
Q

which type of iron is best absorbed

A

heme iron

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10
Q

iodine deficiency occurring during pregnancy causes

A

cretinism in infants

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11
Q

the #1 cause of fatal accidental poisoning among US children

A

iron

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12
Q

milk and milk products are excellent sources of these minerals

A

calcium and phosphorus

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13
Q

at least 80% of this mineral comes into our bodies from processed and fast foods

A

sodium

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14
Q

toxicity of this mineral will cause white or brown discoloration of teeth in young children

A

fluoride

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15
Q

deficiency can mimic diabetes mellitus

A

chromium

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16
Q

the body structures most responsible for excreting excess minerals from the body

A

kidneys

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17
Q

aging, low blood levels of sex hormones, genetics, poor intake of vitamin D and calcium are considered risk factors for

A

osteoporosis

18
Q

good sources are milk, dairy products, and caramel/brown colored soft drinks

A

phosphorus

19
Q

MFP factor and vitamin C promote this mineral’s absorption

A

iron

20
Q

may appear in minutes with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, intestinal bleeding, shock, coma, maybe death

A

iron supplements

21
Q

iodine deficiency occurring any time after birth causes

A

simple goiter

22
Q

frequently used to create bridges in proteins to hold the proteins in their 3-dimensional shapes

A

sulfur

23
Q

in hemoglobin to help with oxygen transport and myoglobin to assist in oxygen storage

A

iron

24
Q

added to some water sources and toothpastes to aid in the strengthening of teeth and bones

A

fluoride

25
Q

polyphenols in tea and coffee, phytates in grains, oxalates, and tannins in tea reduce this mineral’s absorption

A

iron

26
Q

important as a buffer and is a part of ATP, DNA,RNA, and cellular membranes

A

phosphorus

27
Q

critical in regulating and maintaining your heartbeat

A

potassium

28
Q

added to some salts as a way for our population to consume sufficient amounts

A

iodine

29
Q

seafood is an excellent source of

A

magnesium, iodine, iron, zinc, selenium, copper, and fluoride

30
Q

helps insulin attach to cells and assists in energy release from glucose

A

chromium

31
Q

two major minerals are often found in very small amts in many fresh foods and often found in much greater amounts in the same foods after processing

A

sodium and chloride

32
Q

this mineral supports a healthy immune system, acts as a cofactor in hemoglobin, is needed for collagen synthesis, and assists with iron absorption and energy release

A

copper

33
Q

the liver combines ___ with toxic compounds to form harmless compounds

A

sulfur

34
Q

one of the best ways to decrease this mineral is by reducing or limiting processed foods and replacing them with fresh fruits and veggies

A

sodium

35
Q

sources include whole grains, seafood, chocolate, and this mineral is easily lost during processing

A

magnesium

36
Q

strengthens bones and teeth and is important in muscle contraction and blood clotting

A

calcium

37
Q

toxicity is associated with increased calcium excretion, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and cerebral hemorrhage

A

sodium

38
Q

deficiency of this mineral interferes with the brain’s detection of thirst

A

potassium

39
Q

a mineral that often works as an antioxidant

A

selenium

40
Q

practicing moderation is often encouraged with this mineral to help prevent high blood pressure

A

sodium

nutrition final (11 decks)

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