Chapter 8: Language and Communication

Question 1

Psycholinguistics

Answer 1

study of the cognitive underpinnings of human language

Question 2

4 Rules any theory of language has to follow

Answer 2

1. language is communicative
2. language is referential and meaningful
3. language is structured
4. language is creative

Question 3

word frequency effect

Answer 3

people are faster to respond to high-frequency words than low frequency words

Question 4

semantic priming

Answer 4

exposure to a word influences a response to a subsequent stimulus

Question 5

affective priming

Answer 5

words can be primed not only be preceding items that are semantically related, but also by preceding items that have the same emotional quality

Question 6

semantics

Answer 6

sentences have underlying structures that are processed separately from this; refers to the meaning of a word or phrase

Question 7

syntax

Answer 7

rules about how to structure sentences

Question 8

the basic units of sound in language are known as

Answer 8

phonemes

Question 9

morphemes

Answer 9

the smallest units of sound that having meaning

Question 10

aphasia

Answer 10

a condition involving impaired ability to produce or understand language

Question 11

anticipation error

Answer 11

when a phoneme early in a sentence is swapped for a phoneme later in the sentence

Question 12

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Answer 12

suggests that the differences among languages reflect and contribute to differences in underlying thought processes. That is, language reflects and can even shape how we organize and interpret our perceptual experience and how we comprehend the meaning of objects and events in our environment