Chapter 8 Highlights Flashcards
What is north of Rome, Italy
Etruscans
What is South of Rome, Italy?
Greek colonies
Latins settled in the city of Rome which is located on landlocked, island or peninsula Italy?
peninsula
When did Romans rebel overthrowing their Etruscan king?
509 B.C.
What was established after Rome’s Etruscan king was overthrown?
The Roman Republic
Was the Roman Republic a direct or a representative democracy?
I was a representative democracy
Who did the republic originally favor?
wealthy landowners
What were wealthy landowners known as in Rome?
patricians
What were common people known as in Rome?
plebeians
Did Plebeians get their own assembly?
yes
What was the elected leaders for the Plebeian assembly known as?
tribunes
What was the written laws written around 450 BC known as?
The Twelve Tables
Did the Roman Republic’s constitution included unwritten practices and traditions?
yes
How many parts did The Roman Republic’s constitution divided the government into?
three
Where was power placed in Rome?
Power was placed in institutions like the Senate and citizen assemblies, and in leaders such as consuls and dictators.
What is proof that Romans valued duty to the state?
Rome’s citizen-soldiers
Who fought in the Punic wars?
Rome and Carthage
What were they fighting for in the Punic Wars?
control of the western Mediterranean
During the seance punic war what did the army of Hannibal invade?
Italy, where they caused a large amount of damage
Who won in the Punic Wars?
Rome
What did Rome conquer after the Punic wars?
Greek territory in the eastern Mediterranean
What did Roman expansion cause?
Problems, especially for poor farmers
During the struggle in Rome what did powerful politicians make?
Powerful armies that were loyal to them and not Rome
Was Julius Caesar a popular leader?
yes
When did Julius Caesar become dictator?
44 BC
Who killed Caesar?
A group of senators led by Marcus Brutus
Why did they murder Caesar?
They feared he was becoming too powerful
What did Octavian do before becoming the sole power in Rome?
He defeated his former allies
What was Octavians relation to Caesar
He was Caesar’s great nephew and adopted son
What did the Senate name Octavian?
Augustus
How did Rome fare under Augustus?
It became larger and it thrived
What did Augustus achieve in Rome?
Pax Romana
What does Pax Romana mean in English?
Roman Peace
