Chapter 8 - Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Question 1

Glycolysis

Answer 1

Breakdown of glucose to pyruvate (outside of mitochondria)

Question 2

Cellular Respiration

Answer 2

Breakdown of pyruvate into CO2 and water (inside mitochondria)

Question 3

Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration Equation

Answer 3

C6H12O6 + 6O2 => 6CO2 + 6H2O + 38 ATP (if prokaryote) or 36-38 (if eukaryote)
Glucose and oxygen turn into 6 Carbon Dioxide, 6 Water and Energy

Question 4

Creation of ATP Process

Answer 4

3 Steps:
1 - Glycolysis (in cytoplasm) (2 ATP)
2 - Kreb’s Cycle (in mitochondria) (2 ATP)
3 - Electron Transport Chain (in mitochondria) (32-34 ATP)

Question 5

Aerobic Respiration

Answer 5

Plants and animals - O2 is final receptor

36-38 ATP

Question 6

Anaerobic Respiration

Answer 6

Bacteria - No O2, leads to fermentation; inefficient, produces least amount of ATP; sulfate/nitrate is final receptor
2 ATP from glycolysis and fermentation produces alcohol or lactic acid
Human fermentation in muscles produces lactic acid, causing pain in muscles (solution: breathe more)

Question 7

Kreb’s Cycle

Answer 7

Breaks glucose; gives off CO2

Question 8

Electron Transport Chain

Answer 8

Oxygen you breathe is final electron acceptor, becomes water