Chapter 4 - Cell Structure and Function

Question 1

Cell Theory

Answer 1

All living things are made of cells; cells are basic unit of life; cells come from pre-existing cells

Question 2

Cell Energy

Answer 2

Comes from sun; cells build and burn energy; split when they get too big

Question 3

Plasma Membrane

Answer 3

Separates outside from inside; gatekeeper of materials; communications with other cells; phospholipid bilayer

Question 4

Cytoplasm

Answer 4

The goo surrounding everything in the cell

Enzyme and other protein synthesis

Question 5

Prokaryotes

Answer 5

Simple and small cells
Cell wall (shape), Capsule (surface attachment), Flagella (movement), Pili (transfer of gametes), Single circular chromosome (DNA), Nucleoid (unbound), Ribosomes (protein synthesis), Mesosomes (respiration)
SCCRiMP FlaN

Question 6

Cell Wall (Pro and Euk)

Answer 6

Promotes Shape (nearly all have)

Question 7

Capsule (Pro)

Answer 7

Surface attachment

Question 8

Flagella (Pro and Euk)

Answer 8

Movement (only some have)

Question 9

Pili (Pro)

Answer 9

Gamete transfer with other cells

Question 10

Ribosomes (Pro and Euk)

Answer 10

Protein synthesis (creation)

Question 11

Mesosomes (Pro)

Answer 11

Cellular Respiration (ATP production)

Question 12

Eukaryotes

Answer 12

GoVErNuR CiCeLy F MiCy
Golgi, Vesicles, Endoplasmic reticulum, Nucleus, Ribosomes, Cilia, Cell walls, Lysosomes, Flagella, Mitochondria, Cytoskeleton
Plant Cells

Question 13

Golgi (Euk)

Answer 13

Packages proteins from ER to other destinations

Question 14

Vesicles (Euk)

Answer 14

Carry waste and other proteins along cell membrane

Question 15

Endoplasmic Reticulum (Euk)

Answer 15

Produce membrane proteins and new phospholipids
Smooth ER: Steroid productions w/o ribosomes
Rough ER: Long chains of ribosomes for protein production

Question 16

Nucleus (Euk)

Answer 16

Control center of cell; porous bound membrane; chomosomes (strands of DNA) and nucleolus (ribosome factory) within

Question 17

Cilia (Euk)

Answer 17

Movement

Question 18

Cell walls (Euk - plant and fungi)

Answer 18

Support and protection

Question 19

Lysosomes (Euk)

Answer 19

Enzymes to digest large molecules

Question 20

Mitochondria (Euk)

Answer 20

“Powerhouse” - produces loads of ATP with/without O2; has own DNA from mother’s side

Question 21

Cytoskeleton (Euk)

Answer 21

Shape, Cell Movement, Organelle Movement, Cell Division

Question 22

Plant Cells

Answer 22

ChloroPlast Cv + Cw

Chloroplasts, Plastids, Central Vacuole, Cell Wall

Question 23

Chloroplasts (Plant)

Answer 23

Contain chlorophyll, where phoyosynthesis occurs

Question 24

Plastids (Plant)

Answer 24

Act as seasonal food storage and seasonal pigments

Question 25

Central Vacuole (Plant)

Answer 25

Acts as a water pump, hazmat site, food storage, and pigment reserve