Chapter 2 - Atoms, Molecules, and Life Flashcards

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1
Q

6 Elements of 92% of Organisms

A

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, Calcium, Nitrogen

CHOPCaN

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2
Q

Mass =

A

Proton plus Neutrons

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3
Q

Atomic Number

A

of Protons

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4
Q

Elements

A

Unable to divide and be the same thing

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5
Q

Covalent Bond

A

Strongest, most common; electrically neutral, shares electrons (O to H in H2O)

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6
Q

Ionic Bond

A

Loss or gain of electron from ions to form a stable compound (NaCl)

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7
Q

Hydrogen Bond

A

Weak, slightly polar; therefore attractive to other slightly polar molecules (H2O molecules sticking to other H2O molecules)

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8
Q

Atom Structure

A

Nucleus (protons and neutrons) and electron cloud

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9
Q

Molecule

A

2+ atoms held together by bonds

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10
Q

Compound Molecules

A

2+ elements

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11
Q

Mass Number of Element =

A

The mass of its atom’s protons and neutrons

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12
Q

Water Cohesion

A

Water molecules stick together (H bonds)

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13
Q

Water Adhesion

A

Water molecules stick to slightly charged surfaces (capillary action - plants and blood)

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14
Q

Acids

A

H+ ions, 0-6.99 pH, instant pain due to fat hydrolysis

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15
Q

Bases

A

OH- ions, 7.01-14 pH, delayed pain via protein denaturation

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16
Q

Water

A

Hydrophobic, hydropholic, takes a lot of energy to heat up, takes a lot of energy to evaporate; H bonds break and release heat => sweat