Chapter 5 - Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Question 1

Cell Membrane Functions

Answer 1

9 of them: Barrier between inside and outside; regulate diffusion/active transport; sense environmental changes (acidity), maintain structure, cell-to-cell communication; protection, movement, secretion, and some transport

Question 2

Cell Membrane Structure

Answer 2

Phospholipid Bilayer: hydrophilic (polar) head hydrophobic (nonpolar) tail tail head

Question 3

Types of Membrane Proteins

Answer 3

RATER

Receptor, Attachment, Transport, Enzymes, Recognition

Question 4

Receptor Proteins

Answer 4

Stimulate cell response

Question 5

Recognition Proteins

Answer 5

Separates self from not self

Question 6

Enzymes

Answer 6

Break down or put together

Question 7

Attachment Proteins

Answer 7

Holds cytoskeleton to membrane, attaches cells

Question 8

Transport Proteins

Answer 8

Channel (Passive): diffusion

Carrier (Active)

Question 9

Types of Diffusion (Passive Transport)

Answer 9

Simple, Facilitated, Osmosis

Question 10

Diffusion

Answer 10

From high concentration area to low concentration (down a gradient)
Increase concentration or temp or pressure = increase diffusion speed
Continue until equalization
Requires no energy (ATP)

Question 11

Facilitated Diffusion

Answer 11

Polar ions go through membrane via carrier proteins

Question 12

Simple Diffusion

Answer 12

Nonpolar molecules go straight through membrane

Question 13

Osmosis

Answer 13

Water specific, hypertonic (higher concentration) to hypotonic (lower concentration) until isontonic (equally concentrated)

Question 14

Hypertonic

Answer 14

Higher concentration for water

Question 15

Hypotonic

Answer 15

Lower concentration for water

Question 16

Isotonic

Answer 16

Equal concentration between waters

Question 17

Active Transport

Answer 17

Small ions moving up a gradient (low to high)
Requires energy (ATP)

Question 18

Endocytosis

Answer 18

Moving into cell
Requires ATP
Pinocytosis and Phagocytosis and Receptor-Mediated

Question 19

Exocytosis

Answer 19

Moving out of cell
Particles or large molecules
Vesicles carry to membrane where they are released

Question 20

Pinocytosis (Endo)

Answer 20

Cell drinking - enfolds “food” and gives to vesicles

Question 21

Phagocytosis (Endo)

Answer 21

Cell eating - membrane extends and engulf (white blood cells)

Question 22

Receptor-Mediated (Endo)

Answer 22

Protein-coated membrane lined with receptors combine then infold (steroids, iron)