CHAPTER 8: DIETS TYPES Flashcards
What is considered a modified diet and when is it initiated?
NPO: nothing liquid or solid by mouth
o Often when a patient is coming in for surgery
o Coming in for illnesses
When will we start a patient on a clear liquid diet?
After they come back from surgery and recover to prevent dehydration
o Then will be put on a full liquid
o Then Soft foods
o Then normal diet
What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a clear liquid diet?
Liquid at room temp + no residue
o GI Disorders
o After Surgery
What foods are considered a clear liquid diet?
o Water o Tea o Coffee o Broth o Clear juices o Gelatin o Ginger Ale o Carbonated beverages
What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a full liquid diet?
Liquid at room temp with residue (may need protein or calcium supplementation)
o Help transition from clear liquid to a soft diet after surgery
o acute gastritis
o intolerance of solids
What foods are considered a full liquid diet?
o All Clear Liquids (see above) o Milk o Pudding o Soup o Ice cream o Sherbet o Fruit juice o Vegetable juice
What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a soft diet?
- Help transition from a full liquid to a regular diet, acute infxn, chewing issues or GI disorders
- ** bland, low fiber, lightly seasoned and easy to digest ***
What foods are considered a soft diet?
o No raw fruits or vegetables
o No foods that cause gas (i.e. beans)
o No coarse bread or cereal
▪ Nothing with sharp edges or that is going to be rough on the throat or stomach
What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a pureed diet?
o Oral or facial surgery
o Wired jaws
o Chewing/swallowing difficulty
What foods are considered a pureed diet?
o Any food or liquids that are pureed to a liquid form
▪ So, if their jaw is wired shut, they need a straw (all liquid)
** foods all pureed separately to preserve flavor **
What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a mechanical soft diet?
o Don’t have teeth/poorly fitted dentures
o Dysphagia
o Chewing difficulties
o Head/neck surgery
What foods are considered a mechanical soft diet?
o Foods that require minimal chewing
o Ground meat
o Cooked vegetables (soft)
o Canned fruit
What are the 3 levels of a dysphagia diet?
1) Pureed: foods all have a pudding-like texture
2) Mechanically altered: moist semi-solid food with a soft texture
3) Advanced: with is moist near normal texture foods (still aren’t going to have any hard sticky or crusty foods)
What is the consistency of thin liquids?
water, they can have any kind of beverage
What is the consistency of nectar thick liquids?
heavy syrup type of consistency (cream soup, thin milkshake); can drink through a straw