CHAPTER 8: DIETS TYPES Flashcards

1
Q

What is considered a modified diet and when is it initiated?

A

NPO: nothing liquid or solid by mouth
o Often when a patient is coming in for surgery
o Coming in for illnesses

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2
Q

When will we start a patient on a clear liquid diet?

A

After they come back from surgery and recover to prevent dehydration
o Then will be put on a full liquid
o Then Soft foods
o Then normal diet

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3
Q

What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a clear liquid diet?

A

Liquid at room temp + no residue
o GI Disorders
o After Surgery

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4
Q

What foods are considered a clear liquid diet?

A
o Water
o Tea
o Coffee
o Broth
o Clear juices 
o Gelatin
o Ginger Ale
o Carbonated beverages
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5
Q

What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a full liquid diet?

A

Liquid at room temp with residue (may need protein or calcium supplementation)
o Help transition from clear liquid to a soft diet after surgery
o acute gastritis
o intolerance of solids

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6
Q

What foods are considered a full liquid diet?

A
o All Clear Liquids (see above) o Milk
o Pudding
o Soup
o Ice cream
o Sherbet
o Fruit juice
o Vegetable juice
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7
Q

What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a soft diet?

A
  • Help transition from a full liquid to a regular diet, acute infxn, chewing issues or GI disorders
  • ** bland, low fiber, lightly seasoned and easy to digest ***
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8
Q

What foods are considered a soft diet?

A

o No raw fruits or vegetables
o No foods that cause gas (i.e. beans)
o No coarse bread or cereal
▪ Nothing with sharp edges or that is going to be rough on the throat or stomach

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9
Q

What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a pureed diet?

A

o Oral or facial surgery
o Wired jaws
o Chewing/swallowing difficulty

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10
Q

What foods are considered a pureed diet?

A

o Any food or liquids that are pureed to a liquid form
▪ So, if their jaw is wired shut, they need a straw (all liquid)
** foods all pureed separately to preserve flavor **

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11
Q

What are the indications that a patient needs to be on a mechanical soft diet?

A

o Don’t have teeth/poorly fitted dentures
o Dysphagia
o Chewing difficulties
o Head/neck surgery

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12
Q

What foods are considered a mechanical soft diet?

A

o Foods that require minimal chewing
o Ground meat
o Cooked vegetables (soft)
o Canned fruit

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13
Q

What are the 3 levels of a dysphagia diet?

A

1) Pureed: foods all have a pudding-like texture
2) Mechanically altered: moist semi-solid food with a soft texture
3) Advanced: with is moist near normal texture foods (still aren’t going to have any hard sticky or crusty foods)

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14
Q

What is the consistency of thin liquids?

A

water, they can have any kind of beverage

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15
Q

What is the consistency of nectar thick liquids?

A

heavy syrup type of consistency (cream soup, thin milkshake); can drink through a straw

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16
Q

What is the consistency of honey thick liquids?

A

pourable (you can eat it with a spoon), but you cannot drink through a straw (this will be yogurt); does not maintain shape when poured

17
Q

What is the consistency of spoon thick liquids?

A

really thick, thickened such that it maintains shape, and needs to be eaten with a spoon (custard, pudding)