Chapter 8 - Communication Across Cultures

Question 1

Diaspora

Answer 1

Groups of immigrants, sojourners, calves, or strangers living in new lands while retaining strong attachments to their homelands.

Question 2

Mediation

Answer 2

Peaceful third-party intervention.

Question 3

Intercultural Communication

Answer 3

Communication that occurs in interactions between people who are culturally different.

Question 4

Culture

Answer 4

Learned patterns of perceptions, values, and behaviors shared by a group of people.

Question 5

Heterogenous

Answer 5

Diverse

Question 6

Border Dwellers

Answer 6

People who live between cultures and often experience contradictory cultural patterns

Question 7

Voluntary Short-Term Travelers

Answer 7

People who are border dwellers by choice and for a limited time, such as study-abroad students or corporate personnel.

Question 8

Voluntary Long-Term Travelers

Answer 8

People who are border dwellers by choice for an extended time, such as immigrants.

Question 9

Involuntary Short-Term Travelers

Answer 9

People who are border dwellers not by choice and only for a limited time, such as refugees forced to move.

Question 10

Involuntary Long-Term Travelers

Answer 10

People who are border dwellers permanently but not by choice, such as those who relocate to escape war.

Question 11

Culture Shock

Answer 11

A feeling of disorientation and discomfort due to the lack of familiar environmental mental cues.

Question 12

Reverse Culture Shock/Reentry Shock

Answer 12

Culture shock experienced by travelers upon returning to their home country.

Question 13

Encapsulated Marginal People

Answer 13

People who feel disintegrated by having to shift cultures.

Question 14

Constructive Marginal People

Answer 14

People who thrive in a border-dweller life, while recognizing its tremendous challenges.

Question 15

Individualist Orientation

Answer 15

A value orientation that respects the autonomy and independence of individuals.

Question 16

Collectivistic Orientation

Answer 16

A value orientation that stresses the needs of the group.

Question 17

Preferred Personality

Answer 17

A value orientation that expresses whether it is more important for a person to “do” or to “be”

Question 18

View of Human Nature

Answer 18

A value orientation that expresses whether humans are fundamentally good, evil, or a mixture.

Question 19

Human-Nature Value Orientation

Answer 19

The perceived relationship between humans and nature.

Question 20

Power Distance

Answer 20

A value orientation that fetters to the extent to which less powerful members of institutions and organizations which in a culture expect and accept an unequal distribution of power.

Question 21

Long-Term vs. Short-Term Orientation

Answer 21

The dimension of a society’s value orientation that reflects its attitude toward virtue or truth.

Question 22

Short-Term Orientation

Answer 22

A value orientation that stresses the importance of possessing one fundamental truth.

Question 23

Monotheistic

Answer 23

Belief in one God.

Question 24

Long-Term Orientation

Answer 24

A value orientation in which people stress the importance of virtue.

Question 25

Polytheistic

Answer 25

Belief in more than one God.

Question 26

Dialetic Approach

Answer 26

Recognizes that things need not be perceived as “either/or” but may be seen as “both/and”

Question 27

Dichotomous Thinking

Answer 27

Thinking in which things are perceived as “either/or” - for example, “good or bad,” “big or small,” “right or wrong.”

Question 28

Co-cultural Group

Answer 28

A significant minority group within a dominant majority that does not share dominant group values or communication patterns.