Chapter 12 - Rhetorical Communication Flashcards
Rhetoric
Communication that is used to influence the attitudes or behaviors of others; the act or persuasion.
Rhetorical Critic
An informed consumer of theoretical discourse who is prepared to analyze rhetorical texts.
Sophists
The first group to teach persuasive speaking skills in the Greek city-states.
Orator
A public speaker.
Rhetor
A person or institution that addresses a large audience; the originator of a communication message but not necessarily the one delivering it.
Artistic Proofs
Artistic skills of a rhetor that influence effectiveness.
Ethos
A rhetorical construction of character.
Persona
The identity one creates through one’s public communication efforts.
Pathos
The rhetorical use of emotions to affect audience decision making.
Logos
Ration appeals the use of rhetoric to help the audience see the rationale for a particular conclusion.
Social Position
Place in the social hierarchy, which comes from the way soccer is structured.
Rhetorical Audience
Those people who can take the appropriate action is response to a message.
Rhetorical Event
Any event that generates a significant amount of public discourse.
Deliberative Rhetoric
The type of rhetoric used to argue what a society should do in the future.
Public Sphere
The arena in which deliberative decision making occurs through the exchange of ideas and arguments.
Forensic Rhetoric
Rhetoric that addresses events that happened in the past which the goal of setting things right after an injustice has occurred.
Social Movement
A large, organized body of people who are attempting to create social change.
Special-Occasion Speeches
Evocative speeches intended to entertain, inspire, celebrate, commemorate, or build a community.
General Purpose
Whichever of the three goals - to inform, persuade, or entertain - dominates a speech.
Audience Analysis
The process of determining what an audience already knows or wants to know about a topic, who they are, what they know or need to know about the speaker, and what their expectations might be for the presentation.
Demographic Analysis
The portion of an audience analysis that considers the ages, races, sexes, sexual orientation, religions, and social class of the audience.
Specific Purpose
What a speaker wants to inform or persuade an audience about, or the type of feelings the speaker wants to evoke.
Thesis Statement
A statement of the topic of a speech and the speaker’s position on it.
Supporting Materials
Information that supports the speaker’s ideas.
Visual Aids
Audiovisual materials that help a speaker reach intended speech goals.
Chronological Pattern
One that follows a timeline.
Spatial Pattern
One that arranges points by location and can be used to describe something small.
Topical Pattern
One that has no innate organization except that imposed by the speaker.
Problem-Solution Pattern
One in which the speaker describes various aspects of a problem and then proposes solutions.
Cause-Effect Pattern
One used to crate understanding and agreement, and sometimes to argue for a specific action.
Introduction
Opening material of a speech from which the audience members gain a first impression of the speech’s content and of the speaker.
Signposts
Transition sin a speech that help an audience understand the speaker’s organization, making it easier for them to follow.
Conclusion
Closing material of a speech where the speaker reviews that main points, may challenge the audience to act, and leaves the audience with a positive view of a speaker and topic.
Delivery
The presentation of a speech before an audience.
Eye Contact
Looking directly into the eyes of another.
