Chapter 8 Flashcards
What group of organisms are the producers?
Autotrophs
How do autotrophs obtain energy?
light or chemicals
What are the primary producers in the ocean?
Phytoplankton
What is an autotroph?
producers of their own food
What is plankton?
organisms that float
Which group of organisms are consumers?
Herbivores and/or carnivores
Define heterotroph?
an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances
Define phytoplankton?
Phyto=photosynthetic plankton= float
How does phytoplankton move from area to area?
They float
Is phytoplankton a producer or consumer?
They are primary producer
How deep is the photic zone?
It is generally 100 to 200 m deep.
What is a diatom made of?
Silica shells
Which kingdom are diatom’s classified?
producer
What are coccolithophores made of?
Calcium Carbonate (Calcite) shells
Describe a dinoflagellate.
•Photosynthetic•No hard shells•Bioluminescent•Responsible for “Red Tides”
What organisms cause red tides?
Dinoflagellate
What is chemosynthesis?
Convert chemicals into usable energy (Ch 2)
Define zooplankton?
Small animals that float = zooplankton
How do zooplankton obtain energy?
Many are filter feeders (use ciliato filter food out of water)
How does zooplankton move?
They float
Describe how filter feedings work?
use ciliato filter food out of water
What do herbivores eat?
feed on plants
How do decomposers obtain energy?
Feed on dead organic material
What is a food web?
•In this example the arrow points to the one doing the eating.•consumers…Primary consumers eat the phytoplankton
What is a trophic level?
each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy.
Describe cellular respiration?
Uses carbohydrates produced through photosynthesis and dissolved oxygen
From chapter 3-which gas is the most abundant in seawater? Why is this important?
CO2is the most abundant gas dissolved in seawater. This is important because it is needed by marine organisms for photosynthesis
What time of day does photosynthesis occur?
Photosynthesis requires sunlight, thus it only occurs during daylight hours
In which part of the ocean does photosynthesis occur?
Photosynthesis can only occur in the top layer of the ocean where there is enough sunlight for photosynthesis. This layer is referred to as the Photic Zone (chapter 5). It is generally 100 to 200 m deep.
What process brings nutrients from deep water to the photic zone? (hint: chapter 5)
Upwelling
