Chapter 8

Question 1

What group of organisms are the producers?

Answer 1

Autotrophs

Question 2

How do autotrophs obtain energy?

Answer 2

light or chemicals

Question 3

What are the primary producers in the ocean?

Answer 3

Phytoplankton

Question 4

What is an autotroph?

Answer 4

producers of their own food

Question 5

What is plankton?

Answer 5

organisms that float

Question 6

Which group of organisms are consumers?

Answer 6

Herbivores and/or carnivores

Question 7

Define heterotroph?

Answer 7

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances

Question 8

Define phytoplankton?

Answer 8

Phyto=photosynthetic plankton= float

Question 9

How does phytoplankton move from area to area?

Answer 9

They float

Question 10

Is phytoplankton a producer or consumer?

Answer 10

They are primary producer

Question 11

How deep is the photic zone?

Answer 11

It is generally 100 to 200 m deep.

Question 12

What is a diatom made of?

Answer 12

Silica shells

Question 13

Which kingdom are diatom’s classified?

Answer 13

producer

Question 14

What are coccolithophores made of?

Answer 14

Calcium Carbonate (Calcite) shells

Question 15

Describe a dinoflagellate.

Answer 15

•Photosynthetic•No hard shells•Bioluminescent•Responsible for “Red Tides”

Question 16

What organisms cause red tides?

Answer 16

Dinoflagellate

Question 17

What is chemosynthesis?

Answer 17

Convert chemicals into usable energy (Ch 2)

Question 18

Define zooplankton?

Answer 18

Small animals that float = zooplankton

Question 19

How do zooplankton obtain energy?

Answer 19

Many are filter feeders (use ciliato filter food out of water)

Question 20

How does zooplankton move?

Answer 20

They float

Question 21

Describe how filter feedings work?

Answer 21

use ciliato filter food out of water

Question 22

What do herbivores eat?

Answer 22

feed on plants

Question 23

How do decomposers obtain energy?

Answer 23

Feed on dead organic material

Question 24

What is a food web?

Answer 24

•In this example the arrow points to the one doing the eating.•consumers…Primary consumers eat the phytoplankton

Question 25

What is a trophic level?

Answer 25

each of several hierarchical levels in an ecosystem, comprising organisms that share the same function in the food chain and the same nutritional relationship to the primary sources of energy.

Question 26

Describe cellular respiration?

Answer 26

Uses carbohydrates produced through photosynthesis and dissolved oxygen

Question 27

From chapter 3-which gas is the most abundant in seawater? Why is this important?

Answer 27

CO2is the most abundant gas dissolved in seawater. This is important because it is needed by marine organisms for photosynthesis

Question 28

What time of day does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 28

Photosynthesis requires sunlight, thus it only occurs during daylight hours

Question 29

In which part of the ocean does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 29

Photosynthesis can only occur in the top layer of the ocean where there is enough sunlight for photosynthesis. This layer is referred to as the Photic Zone (chapter 5). It is generally 100 to 200 m deep.

Question 30

What process brings nutrients from deep water to the photic zone? (hint: chapter 5)

Answer 30

Upwelling