Chapter 6

Question 1

What is the wave base? How is it related to wavelength?

Answer 1

wave base = ½ wavelength

Question 2

What 3 factors combine to produce wave height? (hint: they determine the amount of available energy transferred to the water surface.)

Answer 2

Wind Speed, Wind Duration, Fetch: distance the wind blows across an open body of water.

Question 3

What is a deep water wave? How deep must the water be for one to form?

Answer 3

Wind generated waves in open ocean: depth is greater than wave base (1/2 wavelength)

Question 4

What is constructive interference and destructive interference of waves? How do they affect the height of a wave?

Answer 4

Constructive Interference: two waves combine-crest meets crest and trough meets trough•Increases wave height

Destructive Interference: Two waves combine-crest meets trough and trough meets crest•Decreases wave height

Question 5

Describe a seiche?

Answer 5

•Water in lake, river, swimming pool, etc. splashes back and forth•Caused by Earthquakes

Question 6

What causes tides?

Answer 6

Result of Gravitational pull of moon

Question 7

Define Tidal range and Tidal period. Be able to calculate them using a graph of the tides.

Answer 7

Tidal Range: Difference between High tide and Low Tide•To calculate: Find the high tide and subtract the low tide

Tidal Period:•Time between successive high tides•24 hours and 50 min for diurnal tides•12 hours and 25 min for semidiurnal tides

Question 8

How long is a tidal day?

Answer 8

Tidal day = 24 hours 50 minutes

Question 9

How many high and low tides does a diurnal pattern have per day?

Answer 9

One high tide and one low tide daily

Question 10

How many high and low tides does a semi-diurnal pattern have per day?

Answer 10

2 high and 2 low tides daily

Question 11

How many high and low tides does a mixed pattern have per day?

Answer 11

Usually 2 high and 2 low tides daily

Question 12

Where are the positions of the sun, moon, and earth relative to each other if a neap tide develops?

Answer 12

Occurs when Moon-Earth-Sun makes a right angle

Question 13

Where are the positions of the sun, moon, and earth relative to each other if a spring tide develops?

Answer 13

Occur when moon and sun and Earth are linear•Occur during full and new moon

Question 14

When does a spring tide occur?

Answer 14

Full and new moon

Question 15

When does a neap tide occur?

Answer 15

Occurs during ¼ and ¾ moon

Question 16

Which type (spring or neap) has the highest high tide and the lowest low tide?

Answer 16

Spring tide

Question 17

Define Flood tide?

Answer 17

Flood Tide enters a stream or estuary