Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biopsychology > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Hormone

A

Chemical, usually secreted by an endocrine gland, that is conveyed by the bloodstream and regulates target organs or tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Endocrine glands

A

Glands that secretes hormones into the bloodstream. Exocrine glands are tear, salivary, sweat (outside body)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Pheromone

A

Chemical signal that is released outside the body of an animal and affects members of the same species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Allomones

A

Chemical signal that is released outside the body of one species and affects behavior of another species

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Peptide Hormone

A

“protein hormone” that consists of a string of amino acids.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Amine Hormone

A

“monoamine hormone” hormone composed of a single amino acid that has been modified into a related molecule such as melatonin or epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Steroid Hormone

A

Any of a class of hormones, each of which is composed of four interconnected rings of carbon atoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Pituitary gland

A

A small, complex endocrine gland located in a socket at the base of the skull. Sits right below the hypothalamus,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pituitary stalk

A

Thin piece of tissue that connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Neuroendocrine cell

A

Neuron that releases hormones into local or systemic circulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Posterior pituitary

A

rear decision of the pituitary gland (does not produce hormones) rather diffuses them into the blood stream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Oxytocin

A

Hormone, released from posterior pituitary, triggers milk letdown in nursing and is also associated with a variety of complex behaviors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Vasopressin

A

“Arginine vasopressin” peptide hormone from the posterior pituitary that promotes water conservation and increases blood pressure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Negative Feedback

A

output of hormone feeds back to inhibit the drive for more of that same hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Anterior Pituitary Gland

A

Front division of pituitary gland, secretes tropic hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tropic Hormone

A

Any class of anterior pituitary hormones that affect the secretion of hormones by other endocrine glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Releasing hormone

A

any of a class of hormones, produced in the hypothalamus, that traverse the hypothalamic pituitary portal system to control the pituitary’s release of the tropic hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Median Eminence

A

Midline feature on the base of the brain that marks that point at which the pituitary stalk exits the hypothalamus to connect to the pituitary. Contains elements of the hypothalamic pituitary portal system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Hypothalamic-pituitary portal system

A

Elaborate bed of blood vessels leading from the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Growth Hormone (GH)

A

“somatotropin or somatotropic hormone” A tropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitary that promotes the growth of cells and tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Gonad

A

Any of the sexual organs that produce gametes for reproduction (ovaries/testes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Gonadotropin

A

Anterior pituitary hormone that selectively stimulates the cells of the gonads to produce sex steroids and gametes.

23
Q

Follicle-stimulation hormone (LH)

A

Gonadotropin named for its actions on ovarian follicles. Stimulates the growth and maturation of egg-containing follicles and governs sperm production

24
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Gonadotropin named for its stimulatory effects on the ovarian corpora lutea. Corpora secrete the sex steroid hormone progesterone, stimulates testes to produce sperm

25
Q

Corpora Luteum

A

Structure that forms from the collapsed ovarian follicle after ovulation. The copora lutea are a major source of progesterone

26
Q

Testes

A

Male gonads, responsible for production ofsperm and androgenic steroid hormones.

27
Q

Testosterone

A

Hormone, produced by male gonads that control a variety of bodily changes that become visible at puberty. One of a class of hormones called androgens

28
Q

Ovaries

A

Female gonads, which produce eggs (ova) for reproduction

29
Q

Progestin

A

Any of a major class of steroid hormones that are produced by the ovary, including progesterone

30
Q

Estrogen

A

Any class of a steroid hormones, including estradiol produced by female gonads

31
Q

Estradiol

A

Primary type of estrogen that is secreted by the ovary, formal name is 17-beta-estradiol

32
Q

Progesterone

A

Primary type of progestin secreted by the ovary

33
Q

Ovulatory Cycle

A

Periodic occurrence of ovulation in females

34
Q

Oral Contraceptive

A

birth control, typically consisting of steroid hormones to prevent ovulation. Synthetic estrogens or progestins which provide negative feedback effect on the hypothalamus inhibiting release of GnRH which prevents release of FSH and LH

35
Q

Appetitive Behavior

A

Second stage of mating behavior. Helps establish or maintain sexual interaction

36
Q

Proceptive

A

Refers to a state in which a female advertises its readiness to mater through species-typical behaviors

37
Q

Copulation

A

“coitus” the sexual act

38
Q

Intromission

A

Insertion of penis into vagina during copulation

39
Q

Refractory phase

A

Period following copulation during which an individual does not recommence copulation

40
Q

Coolidge effect

A

Propensity of an animal that appears sexually satisfied with a current partner to resume sexual activity when provided with a new partner

41
Q

Sexually Receptive

A

Referring to the state in which an individual is willing to copulate (typically female in mammals)

42
Q

Estrus

A

Period during which female animals are sexually receptive

43
Q

Postcopulatory behavior

A

Final stage in mating behavior, can include grooming or rolling (mice/cats)

44
Q

Gamete

A

Sex cell (sperm or ovum)

45
Q

Zygote

A

Fertilized egg

46
Q

Ovulation

A

Production and release of an egg (ovum)

47
Q

Lordosis

A

Female receptive posture in four legged animals in which the hind quarters are raised, facilitates intromissions by male

48
Q

Activational effect

A

Temporary change in behavior resulting from the administration of a hormone to an adult animal

49
Q

Periaqueductal gray

A

Midbrain region involved in pain perception

50
Q

Ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH)

A

Hypothalamic region involved in sexual behaviors, eating, and aggression. Crucial for lordosis.

51
Q

Medial Preoptic Area (mPOA)

A

Region of anterior hypothalamus implicated in the control of many behaviors including sexual behavior, gonadotropin secretion, and thermoregulation

52
Q

Vomeronasal organ (VNO)

A

Collection of specialized receptor cells, near but separate from the olfactory epithelium that detect pheromones and send signals to the accessory olfactory bulb in the brain.

53
Q

Medial Amygdala

A

Portion of amygdala that receives olfactory and pheromonal information

54
Q

Parabiotic

A

Refers to a surgical preparation that joins to animals to share a single blood supply….

Biopsychology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions