Chapter 8 Flashcards
Political movement by farmers trying to get rid of government corruption
Populism
The idea that the world is in constant transition and change; influenced by the Darwinian Revolution
Progressivism
Who were progressives?
Anybody is, but mainly women
Why did women favor progressives?
Saw it as a way into politics
Term used by Teddy Roosevelt; writers and authors; whistleblowers who informed what was wrong with America
Muckrakers
Book used to expose the exploitation of American workers
The Jungle
Wrote about Rockefeller and business practices and how he forced oil businesses out of business; her dad had an oil company
Ida Tarbell
Wrote about social problems
Theodore Dreiser and Edith Wharton
Photo journalist for New York Evening Sun
Jacob Riis
What was the industrial workforce made up of?
Transient immigrants
What was average labor?
10 hours for $1.50
Who was targeted for workers union?
Women and children
Why were women targeted?
We’re payed half of what men were for the same hours, children payed half of what women were for same hours
Why was child labor bad?
No education for kiddies
Started national child labor committee; fixed women hours for 10 instead of 14
Florence Kelly
How many states were anti child labor by 1912?
39
How did anti child labor effect owners and parents?
Parents-mad Bc kids can’t work
Owners-happy Bc less wages to pay
How did owners get around anti-child labor laws?
They hid the kids in machine or hidden places
Called for there to be a minimum wage
Monsignor John Ryan
What year was there a national law for minimum wages?
1938
Clothing manufacturer consisting mainly of women
Triangle Shirt Waist Company
Why did reform occur?
Prosperity and self confidence ; also influenced by populism
Started 1st large Union
Samuel Gompers
AFL founded by Samuel Gompers
American Federation of Labor
The ILGWU
International Ladies Garment Workers Union
Most diverse and radical Union, used strikes and walk outs to get their way
Industrial workers of the world IWW
How did the IWW get shut down?
The gov got scared of it Nd shut it down
What was the goal of municipal reformers ?
To make life easier
Mayor of Toledo ; made money in oil industry ; worked his employees 8 hours but same pay as everyone else ; gave payed vacation ; Built parks
Sam Jones
Helped lower street car rates, got rid of unneeded agencies
Tom Johnson
Ran New York City ; had to pay him for everything
Boss Tweed
Name the election reforms
Took power from political bosses, 17th amendment; voters elected senators , reformed voting day process,
Elected in 1996 most popular president
William McKinley
Anarchist who killed McKinley
Leon Czolgosz
Was Teddy Roose suppose to be president?
No he was McKinley’s VP
How much percent of medicine didn’t do what it was suppose to do?
40%
What did the meat inspection act do?
Inspected meat to make sure it was safe and sanitary
What did the food and drug act do?
Forced to label ingredients
Who did Roose pick for president next ?
William Howard Taft
Who caused a split in Republican Party
Taft
Who was WOodrow Wilson representing ?
Democrats
What was New Freedom like?
Like New Nationalism. Placed strict controls on corporations through the gov
Graduated tax and lowered tariffs
Underwood Tariff act
Controlled banks interests, controlled banks, made sure no one had too much money
Federal Reserve Act
Made sure that there was no false advertising and monitored business practices
Federal trade commission
Strengthened earlier anti trust laws
Clayton Antitrust Act
Allowed temporarily disable civil service employees to get wages
Working an’ compensation Act
Prevented Railroad strike and allowed 8 hour shifts for railroad workers
Adamson act
How could women evolve?
Through education
Who worked in factories besides men?
Immigrants, African Americans, and uneducated women
What was fair trade?
Paying employees fair salary
Wanted American alcohol banished, Bc it encouraged men to do bad
Temperance movement
What was the 18th amendment?
Alcohol banishment
Opened nations first birth control clinic Bc she believed that the less children the more money you have
Margaret Sanger
Formed National Association of color women; payed care for African American children to keep them safe and educate
Ida wells
Carrie Catt created the
National American women suffrage association
What did the NWP do?
National women’s party and demanding women’s rights and radical party
What was hunger strike ?
Form of protest
Did other women movements like the NWP
No
19th amendment
Women’s right to vote
Difference between progressives and populists?
Progressives were middle class and populists were lower
“Assimilation”
Way to happiness
Explain the square deal
Teddy Roose’s framework for presidency
