Chapter 8 Flashcards
One half of the chromosome
Chromatid
Coiled up DNA in the nucleus
Chromatin
Where sister chromatids are attached
Centromere
Cells that contain both chromosomes of a homologous pair
Diploid(2n) cells
Body cells
Somatic cells
Cell with one chromosome of a pair
Haploid(1n) cells
Sex cells
Gametes
5 phases of the cell cycle
- first growth
- synthesis
- second growth
- mitosis
- cytokinesis
What phases are in interphase
First growth
Synthesis
Second growth
What phase do cells spend most of their time in
G1
Steps of mitosis
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Centrosome
Organelles where spindle fibers come from
Spindle fibers
Fibers that attach to the chromosomes
Cytokinesis
When the cell divides
Each new cell gets a
Nucleus
In animal cells during cytokinesis a ___ forms
Cleavage furrow
In plant cells during cytokinesis a ___ forms
Cell plate
End results of cytokinesis(3)
Two new cells
Smaller in size than original
Same number of chromosomes(usually)
Process of nuclear divisions that reduces the number of chromosomes by half
Meiosis
___ divisions take place during meiosis
2
Homologous pair
Chromosomes of the same set from the different parents
Crossing-over
When a homologous pair combine part of their chromosomes
Meiosis 1
When a sex cell splits,ms plotting the chromosome count in half
Meiosis 2
When two sex cells split after meiosis 1 but have exact copies of the two starter ones
Ovum
Egg
What happen when the egg is formed
3 polar bodies are formed with one egg
Spermatid
Sperm
1 cell can create ___ Spermatid
4
