Chapter 10 Flashcards
3 parts of a nucleotide
5 carbon sugar-deoxyribose
Phosphate group
Nitrogen base-one of four
Function of DNA
Carry genetic information
Four nitrogen bases
Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine
Base pairing rules
A-T
C-G
DNA replication
Process of making new copies of DNA
Steps of DNA replication
- DNA untwists
- DNA helicase unzips the DNA
- new nitrogen bases attach to the unzipped DNA
DNA template
Strand of DNA which will be used to transcribe the mRNA for protein synthesis
Helicase
An enzyme that unzips DNA or RNA
DNA polymerase
Those of enzyme that is responsible for forming new copies of DNA in the form of nucleic acid molecules
Function of RNA
Help carry out DNA’s blueprint guidelines. Transfers genetic code needed for the creation of proteins from the nucleus to the ribosome
Compare DNA and RNA
DNA is double stranded
RNA is single stranded
Where does transcription occur
The nucleus
What is transcription
When a segment of DNA is copied on to mRNA so it can leave to nucleus
Parts of RNA nucleotide
5 carbon ribose sugar
Phosphate group
One of four nitrogen bases
RNA’s nitrogen bases
Adenine-uracil
Cytosine-guanine
3 types of RNA
Messenger
Transfer
Ribosomal
mRNA function
Carries code from DNA to the ribosome
tRNA function
Used for picking up amino acids
rRNA function
Major component of ribosomes
The nucleotide triplets of DNA and RNA molecules that carry genetic information in living cells
Genetic code
Sequence of 3 nucleotides that together form a unit of genetic code in DNA or RNA molecule
Codon
