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Midterm Vocab For Bio > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

0
Q

Allows it to be attracted to itself

A

Cohesive

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1
Q

4 characteristics of water

A
  • an inorganic molecule making up 70% of an average cell
  • covalent bonds between H and O
  • disassociates into OH and H
  • considered to be a polar compound because it shows electronegativity
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2
Q

The ability to stick to other things

A

Adhesive

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3
Q

Ability to move through fine pores or upward through narrow tubes against gravity

A

Capillarity

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4
Q

Capillarity allows… (2 things)

A
  • nutrients to plant

- water does not change temperature easily

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5
Q

Smaller and simpler molecules

A

Monomers

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6
Q

Large repeated links

A

Polymers

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7
Q

The opposite of condensation reactions and the breakdown of complex molecules

A

Hydrolysis reactions

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8
Q

Organic compounds of C,H, and O

A

Carbohydrates

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9
Q

Ratio of carbohydrates

A

2 hydrogen:1 oxygen

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10
Q

Carbohydrates range in size from ___ to ___

A

Monomers to macromolecules

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11
Q

Monosaccharides have __ sugar rings

A

1

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12
Q

Disaccharides have __ sugar rings

A

2

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13
Q

Polysaccharides have __ sugar rings

A

More than 2

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14
Q

Formula for monosaccharides

A

(CH2O)n

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15
Q

Examples of monomers (3)

A

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

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16
Q

What is glucose

A

Manufactured by plants during photosynthesis

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17
Q

Formula for glucose

A

C6H12O6

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18
Q

What is fructose

A

Sweetest type of sugar and found in fruit

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19
Q

What’s special about fructose

A

It’s a 5 sided sugar

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20
Q

Where is galactose found

A

Milk

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21
Q

Disaccharide is formed when

A

2 monosaccharides are joined through a condensation reaction

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22
Q

3 examples of disaccharides

A

Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose

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23
Q

What makes sucrose

A

Glucose and fructose

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24
Where is sucrose found
Sugar cane and sugar beats
25
What makes lactose
Glucose and galactose
26
Where is lactose found
Milk
27
What makes maltose
Glucose and glucose
28
Formula for maltose
C12H22O11
29
Complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharides
Polysaccharide
30
3 examples of polysaccharides
Glycogen Starch Cellulose
31
What is glycogen
Stored energy source for animals
32
What is starch
Stored energy source for plants
33
What is cellulose
Polysaccharide that gives plant cells strength and rigidity | And it's non digestive
34
Not water soluble compound
Lipid
35
4 characteristics of lipids
- long C-H chains - can be used by organisms to store energy - harder to breakdown and get energy - non-polar
36
Fats, oils, waxes, and steroids are examples of
Lipids
37
Long fatty acid chain joined to an alcohol chain
Wax
38
Protective covering for plant (cuticle) and animal (ear)
Wax
39
Consist of 4 carbon rings
Steroids
40
Steroids | Water soluble or non water soluble
Non water soluble
41
Steroids are classified as ___ because they don't dissolve in water
Lipids
42
Building blocks of amino acids
Proteins
43
Organic molecules of C, H, O, and Nitrogen
Protein
44
Very important within the cells of all living things
Proteins
45
Monomers of proteins
Amino acids
46
There are ___ different types of amino acids, but all have the same ___
20 | Basic structure
47
Carbon has four bonds in amino acids
- hydrogen - COOH(carboxyl) - amine group(NH2) - R group (changes from amino acid to amino acid)
48
What is a condensation reaction
When two small things become one big thing by taking water away
49
attractive force between 2 water molecules
Hydrogen bond
50
Polar molecule
Different charges at opposite ends of the molecule
51
Polar molecules are attracted to
Polar molecules
52
What binds amino acids together
Peptide bond
53
What are nucleic acids
Large molecules that direct.. - heredity - the formation of proteins
54
Building blocks of proteins
Nucleic acids
55
2 types of nucleic acids
DNA | RNA
56
RNA monomers are called
Nucleotides
57
3 parts of a nucleotide
- 5 carbon sugar - phosphate group - nitrogen base
58
Hydrophilic
Attracted to water
59
Hydrophobic
Not attracted to water

Midterm Vocab For Bio (7 decks)

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