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Midterm Vocab For Bio > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

0
Q

Allows it to be attracted to itself

A

Cohesive

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1
Q

4 characteristics of water

A
  • an inorganic molecule making up 70% of an average cell
  • covalent bonds between H and O
  • disassociates into OH and H
  • considered to be a polar compound because it shows electronegativity
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2
Q

The ability to stick to other things

A

Adhesive

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3
Q

Ability to move through fine pores or upward through narrow tubes against gravity

A

Capillarity

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4
Q

Capillarity allows… (2 things)

A
  • nutrients to plant

- water does not change temperature easily

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5
Q

Smaller and simpler molecules

A

Monomers

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6
Q

Large repeated links

A

Polymers

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7
Q

The opposite of condensation reactions and the breakdown of complex molecules

A

Hydrolysis reactions

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8
Q

Organic compounds of C,H, and O

A

Carbohydrates

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9
Q

Ratio of carbohydrates

A

2 hydrogen:1 oxygen

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10
Q

Carbohydrates range in size from ___ to ___

A

Monomers to macromolecules

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11
Q

Monosaccharides have __ sugar rings

A

1

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12
Q

Disaccharides have __ sugar rings

A

2

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13
Q

Polysaccharides have __ sugar rings

A

More than 2

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14
Q

Formula for monosaccharides

A

(CH2O)n

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15
Q

Examples of monomers (3)

A

Glucose
Fructose
Galactose

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16
Q

What is glucose

A

Manufactured by plants during photosynthesis

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17
Q

Formula for glucose

A

C6H12O6

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18
Q

What is fructose

A

Sweetest type of sugar and found in fruit

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19
Q

What’s special about fructose

A

It’s a 5 sided sugar

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20
Q

Where is galactose found

A

Milk

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21
Q

Disaccharide is formed when

A

2 monosaccharides are joined through a condensation reaction

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22
Q

3 examples of disaccharides

A

Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose

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23
Q

What makes sucrose

A

Glucose and fructose

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24
Q

Where is sucrose found

A

Sugar cane and sugar beats

25
Q

What makes lactose

A

Glucose and galactose

26
Q

Where is lactose found

A

Milk

27
Q

What makes maltose

A

Glucose and glucose

28
Q

Formula for maltose

A

C12H22O11

29
Q

Complex molecule composed of three or more monosaccharides

A

Polysaccharide

30
Q

3 examples of polysaccharides

A

Glycogen
Starch
Cellulose

31
Q

What is glycogen

A

Stored energy source for animals

32
Q

What is starch

A

Stored energy source for plants

33
Q

What is cellulose

A

Polysaccharide that gives plant cells strength and rigidity

And it’s non digestive

34
Q

Not water soluble compound

A

Lipid

35
Q

4 characteristics of lipids

A
  • long C-H chains
  • can be used by organisms to store energy
  • harder to breakdown and get energy
  • non-polar
36
Q

Fats, oils, waxes, and steroids are examples of

A

Lipids

37
Q

Long fatty acid chain joined to an alcohol chain

A

Wax

38
Q

Protective covering for plant (cuticle) and animal (ear)

A

Wax

39
Q

Consist of 4 carbon rings

A

Steroids

40
Q

Steroids

Water soluble or non water soluble

A

Non water soluble

41
Q

Steroids are classified as ___ because they don’t dissolve in water

A

Lipids

42
Q

Building blocks of amino acids

A

Proteins

43
Q

Organic molecules of C, H, O, and Nitrogen

A

Protein

44
Q

Very important within the cells of all living things

A

Proteins

45
Q

Monomers of proteins

A

Amino acids

46
Q

There are ___ different types of amino acids, but all have the same ___

A

20

Basic structure

47
Q

Carbon has four bonds in amino acids

A
  • hydrogen
  • COOH(carboxyl)
  • amine group(NH2)
  • R group (changes from amino acid to amino acid)
48
Q

What is a condensation reaction

A

When two small things become one big thing by taking water away

49
Q

attractive force between 2 water molecules

A

Hydrogen bond

50
Q

Polar molecule

A

Different charges at opposite ends of the molecule

51
Q

Polar molecules are attracted to

A

Polar molecules

52
Q

What binds amino acids together

A

Peptide bond

53
Q

What are nucleic acids

A

Large molecules that direct..

  • heredity
  • the formation of proteins
54
Q

Building blocks of proteins

A

Nucleic acids

55
Q

2 types of nucleic acids

A

DNA

RNA

56
Q

RNA monomers are called

A

Nucleotides

57
Q

3 parts of a nucleotide

A
  • 5 carbon sugar
  • phosphate group
  • nitrogen base
58
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Attracted to water

59
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Not attracted to water

Midterm Vocab For Bio (7 decks)

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