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Midterm Vocab For Bio > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

0
Q

The surface area of a cell can only be so big because..

A

They won’t function properly

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1
Q

What does the cell theory state

A
  • all living things are composed of one or more cells
  • cells are the basic unit of structure and function
  • cells only come from existing cells
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2
Q

Prokaryotic cell

A
  • no membrane bound organelle

- no nucleus

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3
Q

Example of prokaryotic

A

Bacteria

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4
Q

Eukaryotic cells

A

The cells that make up most living things

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5
Q

An example of a eukaryotic cell is

A

Cells inside humans

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6
Q

What does the cell membrane do

A

Surround the cell and gives it support and shape

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7
Q

What is the cell membrane also called

A

Plasma membrane

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8
Q

The cell membrane is

A

Selectively or semi permeable

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9
Q

What does semi permeable mean

A

The cell membrane is able to control what goes in and out of the cell

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10
Q

The cell membrane is a

A

Lipid bilayer

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11
Q

What is the lipid bilayer made of

A

Membrane proteins

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12
Q

What is the brain of the cell

A

Nucleus

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13
Q

Spherical structure, usually located in the center of the cell

A

Nucleus

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14
Q

Function of nucleus

A

Making nucleic acids and directing the cells activities

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15
Q

The nucleolus

A

Middle of the nucleus

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16
Q

The nucleolus makes

A

Ribosomes

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17
Q

Nucleoplasm

A

Liquid inside the nucleus

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18
Q

To what is the nucleolus rich in

A

Proteins and chromatin

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19
Q

The nuclear membrane is also referred to as

A

The nuclear envelope

20
Q

Nuclear membrane

A

Double membrane that is semi permeable

21
Q

How is the nuclear membrane semi permeable

A

Pores

22
Q

The most numerous of organelles

A

Ribosome

23
Q

Function of ribosomes

A

Making proteins

24
Q

Ribosomes can exist in two ways

A
  • Free floating in the cytoplasm

- Attached to the ER

25
Q

System of membranes forming folded sacs and tunnels

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

26
Q

Two types of ER

A

Rough

Smooth

27
Q

What is rough ER responsible for

A

Protein production

28
Q

What is smooth ER responsible for

A

Produces lipids and area of detoxifying for the cell

29
Q

Stack of membranes filled with fluid and dissolved substance

A

Golgi complex

30
Q

What does the Golgi complex do

A

Processes, packages, and secreting organelle

31
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

A

Mitochondria

32
Q

Where do mitochondria get power from

A

The process of cellular respiration in the form of ATP

33
Q

Two layers of mitochondria

A

Smooth, outer layer

Highly folded, inner layer cristae

34
Q

Mitochondria contains its own

A

DNA

35
Q

Small spherical organelles that contain digestive enzymes

A

Lysosomes

36
Q

Lysosomes function

A

Digest food particles, disease-causing bacteria, and worn out and broken parts of the cell

37
Q

Liquid-filled space that stores food, water, and minerals

A

Vacuoles

38
Q

Function of vacuoles

A

Store waste until the cell is able to get rid of it

39
Q

The vacuoles in animal cells are usually

A

Small

40
Q

Thick outer layer covering the outside of the membrane in a plant cell

A

Cell wall

41
Q

Cell wall is made of

A

Cellulose

42
Q

Function of cell wall

A

Protects and supports the cells

43
Q

Remains after the cell has died

A

Cell wall

44
Q

Made up of the wall of dead cells

A

Wood

45
Q

Cell part that constipation the green pigment chlorophyll

A

Chloroplasts

46
Q

Function of chloroplasts

A

Traps energy from the sun and the plant use the energy to make food though photosynthesis

47
Q

The order of the structure in multicellular organisms

A

Cell-tissue-organ-organ system-organism

Midterm Vocab For Bio (7 decks)

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