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Midterm Vocab For Bio > Chapter 5/6 > Flashcards

Chapter 5/6 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Where does diffusion occur

A

Across membranes

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1
Q

Process by which substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

A

Diffusion

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2
Q

The ability of a molecule to go though a membrane depends on..(3)

A
  • size
  • type(polar,nonpolar)
  • molecule structure of the embrace
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3
Q

There is no net movement when there is

A

Equilibrium

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4
Q

Equilibrium is when

A

It is the same percentage of everything in and out of the cell

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5
Q

Concentration gradient

A

Difference in concentration of the substances

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6
Q

What is concentration gradient separated by

A

A membrane

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7
Q

The movement of water from an area of high concentration to lower concentration

A

Osmosis

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8
Q

What type of molecules does osmosis occur with

A

Water

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9
Q

Hypotonic
Outside cell-
Inside cell-
Effect on cell-

A

Low solute, high solvent
High solvent, low solute
Cell swells

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10
Q

Hypertonic
Outside cell-
Inside cell-
Effect on cell-

A

High solute, low solvent
Low solute, high solvent
Cell shrinks

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11
Q

Isotonic
Outside cell-
Inside cell-
Effect on cell-

A

Same
Same
Same

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12
Q

Specialized structures that remove excess water

A

Contractile vacuoles

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13
Q

When the animal swells or burst

A

Cytolysis

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14
Q

What does the cell wall do during osmosis

A

Become rigid due to turgor pressure, holds cell membrane

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15
Q

Function of cell membrane in osmosis

A

If it shrinks and detached from the cell wall, the cell will die; when filled with water, turgor pressure will develop

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16
Q

Plant cells need turgor pressure because

A

Without it the cell will shrink and die

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17
Q

Plasmolysis

A

When a plant cell shrinks then dies

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18
Q

Transport proteins that aloe ions to pass through the cell membrane

A

Ion channels

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19
Q

Ion channels are either

A

Open or closed

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20
Q

Closed ion channel will respond to

A

Different stimuli to allow things pass through them

21
Q

Facilitated diffusion uses

A

Carrier proteins

22
Q

Carrie proteins are

A

Specific to what they will let transport across the cell membrane

23
Q

Facilitated diffusion is

A

Passive

24
Q

Facilitated diffusion speeds up

A

Diffusion

25
Q

Passive transport is

A

Transport that does not require energy

26
Q

Movement of any substance across a cell membrane that does require energy

A

Active transport

27
Q

Movement of sodium and potassium against concentration gradient

A

Sodium potassium pump

28
Q

Sodium potassium pump uses ___ as an energy source

A

ATP

29
Q

Sodium potassium pump is important for 3 vital functions

A

Muscle contractions
Nerve impulses
Kidney function

30
Q

Processes used for moving substance across a membrane that are too large to pass through a channel

A

Endocytosis and exocytosis

31
Q

Process by which cells take in large particles

A

Endocytosis

32
Q

‘Cell eating’

A

Phagocytosis

33
Q

‘Cell drinking’

A

Pinocytosis

34
Q

Process of removing large waste products from the cell

A

Exocytosis

35
Q

Coverts radiant energy into chemical energy stored in the bonds of organic compounds

A

Photosynthesis

36
Q

Stored in plants as

A

Starch

37
Q

Photosynthesis is done by

A

Autotrophs

38
Q

Autotrophs

A

A”producer” that produces complex organic compounds from simple substances present units surroundings

39
Q

Heterotrophs

A

Organism requiring organic compounds for its principal source of food

40
Q

Reactants

A

What are used for photosynthesis

41
Q

Products

A

What the finished products of photosynthesis are

42
Q

Penne something is red all the other colors are being ___ and red is being ___

A

Absorbed

Reflected

43
Q

Thylakoids

A

The sacks that are stacked on top of each other in the chloroplast

44
Q

Site of photosynthesis

A

Thylakoid

45
Q

Grana

A

The stacks of thylakoids in the chloroplast

46
Q

Light reactions happen inn

A

The thylakoid membrane

47
Q

Products of a light reaction

A

ATP and NADPH

48
Q

Water gives… In light reactions

A

Electrons and hydrogen

49
Q

ATP vs ADP

A

ATP is a form of energy

ADP is what ATP was before it was energy

50
Q

Chemiosmosis

A

Process of ADP to ATP

51
Q

Proteins on the membrane that remakes the hydrogen

A

ATPsynthetase

Midterm Vocab For Bio (7 decks)

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