Chapter 8 Flashcards
process by which the body takes in and uses food
nutrition
chemical process by which your body breaks down to release energy
metabolism
unit of heat that measures the energy used by the body and the energy the foods supplies the body
calories
substance in food that your body needs to grow, repair, itself and to supply you with energy
nutrients
natural physical drive that protects you from starvation
hunger
a desire, rather than a need to eat
appetite
what influences your food choices & eating habits:
- taste
- emotions
- environmental factors
- convenience and cost
- advertising
starches and sugars present in your foods
carbohydrates
simple sugars:
fructose, lactose, sucrose
complex sugars:
whole grain, nut, legumes, potatoes, etc
main source of energy
glucose
unused glucose stored in the liver and muscles
glycogen
indigestible complex carbs
fiber
baked goods, white bread, white pasta
processed
nutrients that help build and maintain body cells and tissue
proteins
food that contains all 9 essential protein
complete protein
lack of one of more essential protein
incomplete protein
fatty substance that does not dissolve in water
fats
animal fats and tropical oils
saturated fats
healthy fat
unsaturated fats
added hydrogen to fat (unhealthy)
trans fat
wax like lipid substance that is in blood
cholesterol
compound that help regulate many vital body processes
vitamins
substance that the body cannot manufacture
minerals
