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BC > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Drawbacks to masonry construction

A

Long term deterioration of mortar joints and labor intensiveness of laying individual units by hand

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2
Q

what are the primary benefit of masonry components (4)

A

Durability and inherent resistance to
Weather
Fire
Insects

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3
Q

2 Drawbacks to masonry construction (2)

A

Deteriorations of mortar joints
and
the labor intensiveness of laying individual units by hand

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4
Q

Masonry bricks are fired in kiln at what temp and how long does the drying process take

A

2,400
and
40 to 150 hours

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5
Q

Most common concrete masonry units

A

Hollow concrete blocks

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6
Q

The most common size of Hollow concrete block

A

8x8x16

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7
Q

what is the primary function of mortar

A

is to bond individual masonry units into a solid mass

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8
Q

what is the compressive strengths of mortar

A

75 psi
to
2,500 psi

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9
Q

what kind of wall that has not been undermined or weekended is usually the last structural component to fail in a wood joisted building

A

Well constructed masonry wall

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10
Q

Fire Rated concrete masonry units fire resistance rating of

A

2-4 hours

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11
Q

Non-fire rated masonry will do what when exposed to a fire or extensive weathering

A

May spall and crumble

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12
Q

Ordinary construction is also know as what

A

Masonry wood joisted construction

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13
Q

buildings of ordinary construction are classified as what in building codes

A

Type 3 exterior protected

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14
Q

The weight that a wall can support will depend on what

A

width of the wall and whether it is reinforced or nonreinforced

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15
Q

what materials used in the most commonly encountered load bearing masonry wall include (3)

A

Brick
Concrete block
Combination of brick and block

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16
Q

single vertical column of masonry units in a wall usually brick or concrete block

A

Wythe

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17
Q

Masonry can be used for

A

Non load bearing curtain walls or partitions

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18
Q

The height of the building and the method of construction used will

A

Affect the thickness of a masonry wall

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19
Q

Nonreinforced masonry walls are usually limited to

A

Maximum height of 6 stories

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20
Q

Stretcher course has

A

Bricks placed end to end

21
Q

Soldier course has

A

Bricks placed vertically on end

22
Q

Head course has

A

Bricks placed with the end facing out

23
Q

The existence of header courses in a wall

A

Is one way to identify the method of construction of a masonry wall

24
Q

how to provide a stronger horizontal bond between two wythes

A

Header courses are used alternating with other types of courses

25
Q

Load bearing masonry walls may be constructed to the height of 10 stories or more with a wall thickness of only 12 inches when

A

Using Reinforced masonry

26
Q

Masonry wall that is reinforced with steel can

A

Have reduced thickness

27
Q

Common support for reinforced masonry walls is

A

A series of vertical steel rods placed between two adjacent withers of brick wall

28
Q

what is an exterior brick wall constructed with vertical cavity between the exterior wythe and the interior wythe

A

Cavity wall

29
Q

3 other forms of reinforcement of masonry wall

A

Buttresses

Flying buttresses

Pilasters

30
Q

structure projecting from a wall designed to receive lateral pressure action at a particular point

A

Buttress

31
Q

structure projecting form a wall designed to receive later pressure action at a particular point with a Gap between the lower part of the support and the structure

A

Flying Buttress

32
Q

rectangular masonry pillar that extends from the face of a wall to provide additional support for the wall

A

Pilaster

33
Q

In many applications such as residential and small commercial buildings wood joists or beams simply rest on a masonry wall in a indentation know as

A

Beam pocket

34
Q

Fire cut in wood joist

A

Slight angle cut at the end of the joist or beam and its purpose is to allow the beam to fall away freely from a wall in case of structural collapse without acting as a lever to pus against the masonry

35
Q

Masonry over an opening is supported by (3)

A

Lintel

Arch

Corbel

36
Q

Most common method of supporting load over openings in masonry is

A

Lintels

37
Q

materials used in lintels are

A

Steel
Reinforced concrete
reinforced masonry

38
Q

Parapet is an

A

Extension of a masonry or steel wall that projects above the roof 1 foot or more

39
Q

A parapet may also provide what

A

A barrier to prevent fire spread between closely spaced buildings

40
Q

Following forces can cause a parapet wall to lose structural integrity (4)

A

Exposure to high wind particularly if erosion of the mortar joints or other deterioration has occurred

Roof collapse during the course of a fire

impact from aerial ladders especially when forcefully extended or retracted

Force of Master streams

41
Q

what can creating a combustible void that is not normally encountered in masonry walls that creates a concealed space through which fire can travel

A

False front

42
Q

Collapse zone are typically

A

At least 1.5 times the height of the building all around the buildings perimeter

43
Q

Strongest points in a masonry structure

A

Points of intersection such as stair wells or evaluator shafts and corners of the building

44
Q

Masonry construction affects fire behavior in 3 Profound ways

A

some deterioration of concrete masonry units CMU can occur because of exposure to fire conditions

False fronts and some construction materials may not be protected along void spaces

Combustible outcrops of roofs and fasciae change the dynamics of fire resistance in masonry in some types of buildings such as heavy timber construction.

45
Q

One way to stabilize a masonry structure under normal conditions is to extended a ____ in side of building through the masonry walls parallel to the joist and secured them in place outside the wall with ____and usually has a ____ to adjust tension to the rod

A

Steel Tie Rod

Bearing Plates

Turnbuckle

46
Q

one potential problem with the use of tie rods is

A

That the steel rods can become heated under fire conditions and stretch weakening the walls

47
Q

Bearing plates used where repairs have been undertaken are likely to be (3)

A

Less compatible with the architecture of the building steel channels may be used

Not uniformly positioned on a wall

Found in conjunction with other repairs

48
Q

Masonry walls can deteriorate from several causes including (3)

A

Erosion of the mortar or reinforcing steel as result of exposure to the elements including tensile stresses from the freeze/thaw cycle of weather

Shifts in the foundation can cause cracks and misalignment of supports

Wooden interior member can rot and shift from long term exposure to moisture

BC (10 decks)

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