Chapter 2 Flashcards by Timothy Medeiros

Basic Building Classifications (5)

Type 1 Fire resistive

Type 2 Noncombustible or protected noncombustible

Type 3 Exterior Protected (Masonry) also know as Ordinary Construction

Type 4 Heavy timber also know as Mill Construction

Type 5 Wood Frame

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What is NFPA 220

the standard on types of building construction, that details the requirements for each of the classifications and sub classifications.

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NFPA 220 each classification is designated by a three-digit number code like type 1 can be either 4-4-3 or 3-3-2, what dose each number explain?

First digit= fire resistance rating in hours of exterior bearing walls

Second digit= Fire resistance rating of structural frames or columns and girders that support loads of more then one floor

Third Digit= Fire resistance rating of the floor construction

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Type 1 Construction how is it classified

Is classified by the presence of non combustible structural components that have fire resistance rating within a specified range

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Type 1 fire resistance of Bearing walls, columns and beam be

Two to four hours as specified by the local code and the construction classification

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Type 1 Fire resistance of Floor Construction must be

Two or three hours

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Type 1 Fire resistance of Roof Deck and construction supporting the roof must be

One to two hours

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Type 1 Fire resistance of Interior partitions of enclosing stairwells and corridors must be

Specified by the local codes but usually one or two hours

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Type 1 Fire resistance of Partitions separating occupancies or Tenants must be `

As Specified by the local code

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Fire Retardant is

Any substance, except plain water, that when applied to another material or substance will reduce the flammability of fuels or slow their rate of combustion or chemical or physical action

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Type 2 Construction is

Protected Noncombustible or Noncombustible

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Type 2 may omit the fire resistive rating for a roof construction when

The roof is more than 20 feet above the floor

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Type 2-A requires that

Structural components have one- hour fire resistance

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Type 2-B Unprotected allows

Structural components to remain unprotected

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Type 3 Construction is

Exterior Protected / Ordinary

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Type 3- Interior structural components that are permitted to be partially or wholly combustible include (5)

Walls

Columns

Beams

Floors

Roofs

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Type 3 construction has two sub classifications that are

Type 3A 2-1-1 And

Type 3B 2-0-0

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Type 3A construction is

They can be protected by several means, including plaster in older buildings and gypsum board in new building.

Type 3B construction is

Unprotected steel is sometimes used to support combustible members for example,

Unprotected still trusses can be used to support combustible roof deck.

A fundamental fire Concern with type 3 is

Concealed space

Concealed spaced in type 3 Construction must have

Appropriate Fire stops

Two Important distinctions between type 3 and type 4

In type 4 construction the beams columns floors and roofs are made of solid or laminated wood with dimensions greater than in type 3 construction

Concealed spaced are not permitted between structural components in type 4 construction

Type 4 Construction is

Heavy Timber construction / Mill Construction

Type 4 Construction is the only one that doesn’t have

A and B subdivisions

Type 4 Construction uses wood components that are _________ because _______

Greater mass then are used in Type 3 Because larger timbers are slower to ignite and burn.

Type 4 construction requires minimum nominal dimensions of

6x10 inch for floor construction

Fire Hazards of Type 4 (2)

Relatively large amount of fuel present in structural supports May have traces of oils and residues from previous industrial use

Many Type 4 construction buildings have been converted to residential use from original applications such as

Factories Mills Warehouses

Type 5 Construction is

Wood Frame Construction

Many Type 5 Structures are required to have

1 hour fire resistance for structural components

The fundamental problem with type 5 construction is

Presence of extensive concealed voids

International building code (IBC) has 10 groups of occupancy classifications that are

A- Assembly Group B- Business Group E- Educational Group F- Factories Group H-High Hazard Group I- Institutional Group M- Mercantile Group R- Residential Group S- Storage Group U- Utility and Miscellaneous Group

NFPA Occupancy Classification (NFPA 101) 12 major occupancy classifications are

Assembly Educational Day Care Health Care Ambulatory Health Care Detention and Correctional Residential Residential board and care Mercantile Business Industrial Storage

Fuel Load is

The total quantity of combustible material in a compartment

Fire Load is

The Product of the weight of the combustibles multiplied by their heat of combustion expressed in pounds per square foot (kg/m2)

Fire load may not directly translate

Into equivalent structural load

Fire Resistance describes 5 properties of material including

Combustibility Thermal conductivity Chemical composition Density Dimensions

Fire resistive construction is

not prone to structural failure under fire conditions

4 Primary points of failure for the test are

Failure to support an applied load Temperature increase on the unexposed side of wall floor and roof assemblies of 250 degrees above ambient temperatures Passage of heat or flame through the assembly sufficient to ignite cotton waste Excess temperature on steel members

What methods are used to determine and calculate fire resistance of building materials

Uniform time- Temperature curve

E-119 test also know As NFPA 251 is

The only Standardized test method currently universally accepted by building codes

UL standard 2079 is

Standard for fire test of joint systems. like floor to wall / wall to wall

What is the purpose of occupancy classifications

to establish limitations on the permissible heights and open areas of the buildings