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BC > Chapter 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

The Forces within a structural support system that resist applied loads

A

Reactions R

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2
Q

When a structural support system can support a load equal to or greater than the applied load what exists

A

Equilibrium

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3
Q

What are 4 Forces that may impact the structural design

A

Gravity Most common
Vibrations
Temperature
Shrinkage

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4
Q

What are 3 Stresses that may impact the structural design

A

Tension
compression
Shear

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5
Q

what Stress Pulls the material apart referred to as tensile stress

A

Tension Stress

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6
Q

what stress Squeezes the material referred to as compressive stress

A

Compression Stress

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7
Q

what stress Slides one plane of a material pas an adjacent plane

A

Shear Stress

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8
Q

What are 8 Loads that may impact the structural design

A

Live Load
Dead Load
Static Load
Dynamic load
Concentrated and Distributed load
Rain and Snow Load
Water load
Wind load

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9
Q

load applied to the center of the cross section of a member and perpendicular to that cross section. It can be either tensile or compressive and creates uniform stresses across the cross section of the material

A

Axial Load

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10
Q

Load perpendicular to the cross section of the structural member but which dose not pass through the center of the cross section. may be both tensile and compressive

A

Eccentric load

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11
Q

Load applied off center from the cross section of the structural component and at a angel to or in the same plane as the cross section, produces a twisting effect that creates shear stresses in a material

A

Torsional Load

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12
Q

load that Involve motion and are capable of delivering energy greatly in excess of the weight of the object involved.

A

Dynamic load also know as Shock loading

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13
Q

What load Highly localized forces and non uniform loads in the supporting structural members

A

Concentrated and Distributed load

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14
Q

Water a depth of 3 inches adds

A

Static load of 21 pounds per square foot

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15
Q

Negative Pressure wind load

A

Wind may produce a suction effect on the downwind side of the building resulting in outward pressure

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16
Q

Complex Factors to wind loads

A

Building Height

Surrounding terrain

Adjacent urban development

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17
Q

Three buildings or sites that wind forces are particularly dangerous against walls with insufficient support are

A

Construction sites
Demolitions sites
Fire damaged Buildings

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18
Q

what Is a structural member that carries loads perpendicular to its longitudinal dimension

A

Beam

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19
Q

what beam is Supported beneath both ends and free to rotate

A

Simply Supported beams

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20
Q

What beam is supported at one end and must be able to support a vertical load in addition to resisting bending stresses

A

Cantilever Beams

21
Q

What beam is Similar to cantilever beams but with additional support

A

Overhanging Beams

22
Q

What beam may span several vertical supports

A

Continuous beams

23
Q

Describe An I Beam

A

Top Flange
Middle horizontal line (Web)
Bottom Flange

24
Q

What part of the I beam carries compressive stresses

A

Top Flange

25
Q

What part of the I beam Carries tensile stresses

A

Bottom Flange

26
Q

Structural members designed to support an axial load are

A

Columns

27
Q

What is a curved structural member with primarily compressive interior stresses

A

Arch

28
Q

How do tall thin columns fail

A

by buckling or short

29
Q

How do Squat columns fail

A

By crushing

30
Q

IF the supports at the ends of the arches shift because of settling soil or thermal expansion what stresses my develop

A

Bending Stresses

31
Q

Cables are essentially straight however a cable to support loads over distance will a assume a

A

Curved Shape

32
Q

Farmed structural units made up of a group of triangles in one plane

A

Trusses

33
Q

Top and Bottom members of the trusses are call

A

Chords

34
Q

The middle section of the trusses are called

A

Web or Diagonals

35
Q

Lightweight steel trusses also used for floor and roof construction in fire resistive and non combustible construction are call

A

Bar Joists

36
Q

Connectors used in Steal trusses (3)

A

Steel gusset plates

Rivets

Welds

37
Q

5 Connectors used in wood trusses

A

Pins or bolts

Gusset plates

Structural adhesives

Brackets

Metal Straps

38
Q

Failure of a connector will result in what

A

Failure of of the whole truss

39
Q

Load bearing system constructed with skeletal frame and reinforcement between a column and beam

A

Rigid Frame

40
Q

Three dimensional truss structures are call

A

Spaced Frames

41
Q

What walls are commonly placed at the exterior of a structure but they may also include internal walls are called

A

Load Bearing walls

42
Q

Framing uses a series of vertical elements to support horizontal elements that carry transverse load are called

A

Post and Beam Construction

43
Q

Post and Beam Construction also requires the addition of other members such as ____ to with stand ______`

A

Diagonal braces and lateral loads

44
Q

What is a distinctive characteristic of post and beam framing

A

is the spacing of the vertical posts and cross sectional dimensions of the members because the dimensions are often greater then used in stud wall construction for example post must be 6x8 when supporting roofs only

45
Q

what is a structural system characterized by columns and beams reinforced to transmit the bending stress through the joints and buildings are often single story in height and with a gabled Roof

A

Rigid Frame Structure

46
Q

Because of the high stress load of Slab and Column frames the intersection between the slab and column is usually reinfored by additional material in the form of

A

A drop panel
and
Capital

47
Q

what structure is similar to fabric tents but differ in that they are intended to be permanent structures

A

Membrane Structures

48
Q

what structure is rigid three dimensional structure having thin components as compared to other structural material dimensions

A

Shell structures

49
Q

What are types of commonly encountered composite structural systems

A

concrete steel composite
Reinforced concrete
Cable stayed bridges
Pre engineered buildings

BC (10 decks)

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