Chapter 7 Vocab #3

Question 1

A condition in which brain tissue is deprived of a blood supply, as in blockage of a cerebral blood vessel, also called a stroke

Answer 1

Cerebrovascular accident

Question 2

One-sided paralysis

Answer 2

Hemipleglia

Question 3

Common result of damage to the left cerebral hemisphere, where the language areas are located

Answer 3

Aphasias

Question 4

The temporary restriction of blood flow to an area of the brain

Answer 4

Transient ischemic attack

Question 5

A progressive degenerative disease of the brain, that ultimately results in dementia (mental deterioration)

Answer 5

Alzheimer’s disease

Question 6

An example of a basal nuclei problem, typically strikes people in their 50s and 60s

Answer 6

Parkinson’s disease

Question 7

Part of the central nervous system that provides a two-way conduction system to and from the brain; also a major reflex center

Answer 7

Spinal cord

Question 8

The collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the vertebral column

Answer 8

Cauda equina

Question 9

Nerve impulses do not reach the muscles affected, thus, no voluntary movement of those muscles is possible. The muscle begin atrophy because they are no longer stimulated

Answer 9

Flaccid paralysis

Question 10

The motor subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that controls body movements automatically

Answer 10

Autonomic nervous system

Question 11

A division of the peripheral nervous system, also called the voluntary nervous system

Answer 11

Somatic nervous system

Question 12

A division of the autonomic nervous system, also referred to as the craniosacral division

Answer 12

Parasympathetic division

Question 13

The neurons of the cranial region send their axons out in cranial nerves to serve the head and neck organs

Answer 13

Craniosacral division

Question 14

Preganglionic axons leave the cord in the ventral root, enter the spinal nerve, and than pass through a ramus communicans, or small communicating branch, to enter a sympathetic trunk ganglion

Answer 14

Thoracolumbar divison

Question 15

A neurovascular disability in which the voluntary muscles are poorly controlled and spastic because of brain damage

Answer 15

Cerebral palsy

Question 16

Birth defect in which the cerebrum fails to develop

Answer 16

Anencephaly

Question 17

Vertebrae forms incompletely

Answer 17

Spina bifida

Question 18

Tenprorary hypotension due to abrupt movement from a sitting or reclining position to and upright position

Answer 18

Orthostatic hypotension

Question 19

Any of a number of proliferative and degenerative changes in the arteries leading to their decreased elasticity and hardening; end stage of atherosclerosis

Answer 19

Arteriosclerosis

Question 20

Caused by a gradual decline of oxygen due to aging

Answer 20

Senility

Question 21

Involved injecting a dye to make arteries in the brain stand out

Answer 21

Cerebral angiography

Question 22

A recording of electrical activity

Answer 22

Electroencephalogram

Question 23

Image the brain, due to clot or bleeding

Answer 23

Computed tomography

Question 24

Allow quick identification

Answer 24

Magnetic resonance

Question 25

a medical imaging technique that uses a small amount of radioactive tracer injected into the body to visualize the metabolic activity of organs and tissues

Answer 25

Positron emission tomography

Question 26

Loss of voluntary control; when upper motor neurons become damaged

Answer 26

Spastic paralysis

Question 27

Bundle of neuronal processes (axons outside the central nervous system)

Answer 27

Nerve

Question 28

The location of cell bodies of sensory neurons which enter the spinal cord via the dorsal root

Answer 28

Dorsal root ganglion

Question 29

The root at which sensory neurons enter the spinal cord

Answer 29

Dorsal root

Question 30

A division of the autonomic nervous system; opposes parasympathetic functions; also called the fight or flight division; also called the tboracolumbar divison

Answer 30

Sympathetic divison