Chapter 7 Vocab #3 Flashcards
A condition in which brain tissue is deprived of a blood supply, as in blockage of a cerebral blood vessel, also called a stroke
Cerebrovascular accident
One-sided paralysis
Hemipleglia
Common result of damage to the left cerebral hemisphere, where the language areas are located
Aphasias
The temporary restriction of blood flow to an area of the brain
Transient ischemic attack
A progressive degenerative disease of the brain, that ultimately results in dementia (mental deterioration)
Alzheimer’s disease
An example of a basal nuclei problem, typically strikes people in their 50s and 60s
Parkinson’s disease
Part of the central nervous system that provides a two-way conduction system to and from the brain; also a major reflex center
Spinal cord
The collection of spinal nerves at the inferior end of the vertebral column
Cauda equina
Nerve impulses do not reach the muscles affected, thus, no voluntary movement of those muscles is possible. The muscle begin atrophy because they are no longer stimulated
Flaccid paralysis
The motor subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that controls body movements automatically
Autonomic nervous system
A division of the peripheral nervous system, also called the voluntary nervous system
Somatic nervous system
A division of the autonomic nervous system, also referred to as the craniosacral division
Parasympathetic division
The neurons of the cranial region send their axons out in cranial nerves to serve the head and neck organs
Craniosacral division
Preganglionic axons leave the cord in the ventral root, enter the spinal nerve, and than pass through a ramus communicans, or small communicating branch, to enter a sympathetic trunk ganglion
Thoracolumbar divison
A neurovascular disability in which the voluntary muscles are poorly controlled and spastic because of brain damage
Cerebral palsy
Birth defect in which the cerebrum fails to develop
Anencephaly
Vertebrae forms incompletely
Spina bifida
Tenprorary hypotension due to abrupt movement from a sitting or reclining position to and upright position
Orthostatic hypotension
Any of a number of proliferative and degenerative changes in the arteries leading to their decreased elasticity and hardening; end stage of atherosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis
Caused by a gradual decline of oxygen due to aging
Senility
Involved injecting a dye to make arteries in the brain stand out
Cerebral angiography
A recording of electrical activity
Electroencephalogram
Image the brain, due to clot or bleeding
Computed tomography
Allow quick identification
Magnetic resonance
a medical imaging technique that uses a small amount of radioactive tracer injected into the body to visualize the metabolic activity of organs and tissues
Positron emission tomography
Loss of voluntary control; when upper motor neurons become damaged
Spastic paralysis
Bundle of neuronal processes (axons outside the central nervous system)
Nerve
The location of cell bodies of sensory neurons which enter the spinal cord via the dorsal root
Dorsal root ganglion
The root at which sensory neurons enter the spinal cord
Dorsal root
A division of the autonomic nervous system; opposes parasympathetic functions; also called the fight or flight division; also called the tboracolumbar divison
Sympathetic divison
