Chapter 7: Thermochemistry Flashcards
what is an isolated system
exchange neither matter nor energy with environmentw
what is a closed system
exchange energy but not matter
what is an open system
exchange both energy and matter
what is an isothermal process
constant temperature
what is an adiabatic process
exchange no heat with the environment
what is an isovolumetric process
constant volume
what is an isobaric process
constant pressure
what are state functions
describe physical properties of an equilibrium state and are pathway independent
what are THE state functions
pressure, density, temp, volume, enthalpy, internal energy, entropy, gibbs free energy
what are standard conditions
298 K 1 atm 1 M
what is fusion
melting from solid to liquid
what is freezing
from liquid to solid
what is vaporization
liquid to gas
what is condensation
gas to liquid
what is sublimation
solid to gas
what is deposition
gas to solid
what is the critical point
temperatures above critical point liquid and gas phases are indistinguishable
what is the triple point
all three phases of matter exist in equilibrium
what is temperature
scaled measure of average kinetic energy of a substane
what is heat
transfer of energy that results from difference of temperature
what is enthalpy
measure of the potential energy of a system found in intermolecular attractions and chemical bonds
what is Hess’s law
states that total change in potential energy is equal to the changes in potential energies of individual steps of the process
how can you calculate enthalpy
heats of formation, bond dissociation energy, heat of combustion
what is entropy
measure of the degree to which energy has been spread throughout a system
