Chapter 6: Equilibrium Flashcards
what is the law of mass action
Gives the expression for the equilibrium constant
what is Q
relates the amount of reactant and product concentrations at any given time
what is Keq
ratio of products to reactants an equilibrium with each species raised to its stoichiometric coefficient
What does not appear in the law of mass action
solids and liquids only aqueous and gas species
If Q>Keq and Delta G<0
reaction proceeds in forward direction
If Q= Keq and delta G=0
reaction is at equilibrium
If Q > Keq and delta G>0
reaction proceeds in reverse
If Keq > 1
products are present in greater amount at equilibrium
if Keq is about 1
products and reactants present in similar amounts at equilibrium
If Keq < 1
reactants are present in greater amounts at equilibrium
if Keq «< 1
amount of reactants converted to products is negligible in comparison to initial concentration of reactants
what is le Chatelier’s principle
states when a chemical system experiences stress it will react to restore equilibrium
What are the three main stressors
1) change in concentration
2) change in temperature
3) change in pressure
what are kinetic products
higher in free energy than thermodynamic products and form at lower temperatures; “fast”
what are thermodynamic products
lower in free energy and are more stable; more spontaneous
(more negative delta G)
