Chapter 4: Compounds and Stoichiometry Flashcards
what are compounds
substances composed of two or more elements in a fixed proportion
what is molecular weight
mass of the constituent atoms in a compound as indicated by molecular formula
what is molar mass
mass of one mole of a compound; g/mol
what is avogadro’s number
6.022 x 10^23
what is gram equivalent weight
measure of the mass of a substance that can donate one equivalent of the species of interest
what is normality
ratio of equivalents per liter; N = M x # of equivalents
what are equivalents
moles of the species of interest
what is the law of constant composition
states that any pure sample of a compound will contain the same elements in the same mass ratio
what is empirical formula
smallest whole number ratio of the elements in compound
what is molecular formula
either the same or a multiple of empirical formula; gives exact number of atoms of each element in compound
percent composition
mass of individual element / molar mass
what are combination reactions
occur when two or more reactants combine to form one product
what are decomposition reaction
occur when one reactant is chemically broken down into two or more products
what are combustion reactions
occur when a fuel and an oxidant react forming water and carbon dioxide
what is a displacement reaction
occur when one or more atoms or ions of one compound are replaced with one or more atoms or ions of another compound
