Chapter 7 Terms Flashcards
Beliefs
Pieces of information about something; facts or opinions.
Attitudes
Global evaluations toward some object or issue.
Dual Attitudes
Different evaluations of the same attitude object held by the same person (perhaps one delibrate, the other automatic)
Automatic Attitudes (sometimes called implicit attitudes and/or unconscious attitudes)
Very fast evaluative, “gut level” responses that people don’t think a great deal about.
Deliberate Attitudes (sometimes called explicit attitudes and/or conscious attitudes)
Reflective responses that people think more carefully about.
Mere Exposure Effect
The tendency for people to come to like things simply because they see or encounter them repeatedly.
Classical Conditioning
A type of learning in which, through repeated pairings, a neutral stimulus comes to evoke a conditioned response.
Unconditioned Stimulus
A stimulus that naturally evokes a particular response.
Unconditioned Response
A naturally occurring response.
Neutral Stimulus
A stimulus that initially evokes no response.
Conditioned Stimulus
A neutral stimulus that, through repeated pairings with an unconditioned stimulus, comes to evoke a conditioned response.
Conditioned Response
A response that, through repeated pairings, is evoked by a formerly neutral stimulus.
Operant Conditioning (instrumental conditioning)
A type of learning in which people are more likely to repeat behaviors that have been rewarded and less likely to repeat behaviors that have been punished.
Social Learning (observational learning)
A type of learning in which people are more likely to imitate behaviors if they have seen others rewarded for performing them, and less likely to imitate behaviors if they have seen others punished for performing them.
Attitude Polarization
The finding that people’s attitudes become more extreme as they reflect on them.
