Chapter 3 Terms Flashcards
Self-knowledge (self concept)
A set of beliefs about yourself
Interpersonal self (public self)
The image of the self that is conveyed to others
Agent self (executive self)
The part of the self involved in control, including both control over other people and self-control
Independent self-constructual
A self-concept that emphasizes what makes the self different and sets it apart from others
Interdependent self-constructual
A self-concept that emphasizes what connects the self to other people and groups
Social roles
The different roles a person plays, as in a play or a movie
Self-awareness
Attention directed at the self
Private self-awareness
Looking inward on the private aspects of the self, including emotions, thoughts, desires, and traits
Public self-awareness
Looking outward on the public aspects of the self that others can see and evaluate
Standards
Ideas (concepts) of how things might possibly be
Self-regulation
The processes people use to control and change their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors
Public self-consciousness
The tendency to think about how others perceive you
Private self-consciousness
The tendency to think about ones inner thoughts and feelings
Looking-glass self
The idea that people learn about themselves by imagining how they appear to others
Generalized other
A combination of other peoples views that tells you who and what you are
Introspection
The process by which a person examines the contents of their mind and mental states
Social comparison
Examining the difference between oneself and another person
Upward social comparison
Comparing yourself to people better off than you
Downward social comparison
Comparing yourself to people worse off than you
Self-perception theory
The theory that people observe their own behavior to infer what they are thinking and how they are feeling, the same way they learn about others
Intrinsic motivation
Wanting to perform an activity for its own sake
Extrinsic motivation
Performing an activity because of something that results from it
Over-justification theory
The tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have become associated with rewards
Phenomenal self (working self-concept)
The image of the self that is currently active in the persons thoughts
Appraisal motive
The simple desire to learn the truth about oneself, whatever that is
Self-enhancement motive
The desire to learn favorable or flattering things about the self
Consistency motive
A desire to get feedback that confirms what the person already believes about themself
Self-handicapping
Putting obstacles in the way of ones own performance so that anticipated or possible failure can be blamed on the obstacle instead of lack of ability
Automatic egotisim
Response by the automatic system that “everything good is me, everything bad is not me”
Self-reference theory
The finding that information bearing on the self is processed more thoroughly and more deeply, and hence remembered better, than other information
Endowment theory
The finding that items gain in value to the person who owns them
Self-esteem
How favorably someone evaluates themself
Self-protection
Trying to avoid loss of esteem
Self-deception strategies
Mental tricks people use to help them believe things that are false
Self-serving bias
A pattern in which people claim credit for success but deny blame for failure
Sociometer
A measure of how desirable one would be to other people
Narcissism
Excessive self-love and a self orientation
