Chapter 7 - Temporal Lobes Flashcards
1
Q
What are the principal areas of the temporal lobe?
A
- superior temporal gyrus
- middle temporal gyrus
- inferior temporal gyrus
2
Q
What are some of the important internal structures of the temporal lobe?
A
- the limbic system, specifically the amygdala and the hippocampus
3
Q
Primary auditory cortex
A
- sensation of the stimulus
- detection threshold of sounds
4
Q
Damage to the primary auditory cortex
A
- impairment in auditory detection thresholds in the contralateral ear to damage
- tone deaf - auditory agnosias
5
Q
Secondary auditory cortex
A
perception - adding meaning to sounds
6
Q
Damage to the secondary auditory cortex
A
- R side damage; difficulty in musical perception
- L side damage; difficulty in distinguishing btwn similarly sounding words
7
Q
Wernicke’s Area
A
- located in L temporal lobe
- important for reception and comprehension of language
- Wernicke’s aphasia - pt can produce speech, but not understand it
8
Q
Damage to Wernicke’s
A
- Wernicke’s aphasia - difficulty in comprehending speech
- difficulty writing and speaking fluently
- paraphasia - substituting incorrect words
- pt unaware of deficit
9
Q
The temporal lobes are important for which visual functions?
A
- higher visual pathways enter this lobe
- visual processing of complex stimuli
- obj recognition
10
Q
Damage to the temporal lobe could result to what visual impairments?
A
- similar symptoms to Dr. P
- prosopagnosia - difficulty recognizing faces
- loss of upper half of field of vision
- visual agnosia - cannot ID objs visually
11
Q
Attention
A
- selective attention to visual or auditory input
12
Q
Damage to the temporal lobe could result to what attentional impairments?
A
- inability to attend to one source of stimulation specifically
- integration of stimuli perceived in diff sensory modalities (seeing sounds)
- tested using the McGill picture anomaly task - pt has to name what is wrong with the picture
13
Q
Memory
A
- controlled by medial temporal lobe, includes the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and the amygdala
- long term memory, spatial memory
14
Q
Mediotemporal lobe damage
A
- bilateral damage: memory deficit (anterograde amnesia), difficulty w/ digit span test, H.M., Clive Wearing, and Jimmy Gwas an example
- R side damage: impairment of spatial memory (EX: learning how to go through a maze)
- L side damage: impairment of verbal memory (have pt tell you a story, give Wecshler test)
15
Q
H.M.
A
- removal of both medial temporal lobes to treat severe seizures
- resulted in anterograde amnesia (cannot make any new memories)
- tested via digit span test
16
Q
Mirror Drawing Task
A
- pt has to look at a mirror only, and trace a shape
- H.M. and Jimmy showed improvement, but couldn’t remember doing it
17
Q
Gollins Incomplete Figures
A
- pt shown pairs of incomplete pictures, should be able to ID what they are earlier and earlier
- H.M. showed improvement in this task
19
Q
Corsi Block Tapping Task
A
- pt has to tap blocks in order following what the neurpsych does
- difficulty doing so if R side is damaged
21
Q
Rey-Osterrieth Task
A
- pt is shown a picture and must draw it from memory
- difficulty when there has been damage to R mediotemporal lobe
