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Human Neuro > Chapter 7 - Temporal Lobes > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Temporal Lobes Flashcards

1
Q

What are the principal areas of the temporal lobe?

A
  • superior temporal gyrus
  • middle temporal gyrus
  • inferior temporal gyrus
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2
Q

What are some of the important internal structures of the temporal lobe?

A
  • the limbic system, specifically the amygdala and the hippocampus
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3
Q

Primary auditory cortex

A
  • sensation of the stimulus
  • detection threshold of sounds
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4
Q

Damage to the primary auditory cortex

A
  • impairment in auditory detection thresholds in the contralateral ear to damage
  • tone deaf - auditory agnosias
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5
Q

Secondary auditory cortex

A

perception - adding meaning to sounds

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6
Q

Damage to the secondary auditory cortex

A
  • R side damage; difficulty in musical perception
  • L side damage; difficulty in distinguishing btwn similarly sounding words
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7
Q

Wernicke’s Area

A
  • located in L temporal lobe
  • important for reception and comprehension of language
  • Wernicke’s aphasia - pt can produce speech, but not understand it
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8
Q

Damage to Wernicke’s

A
  • Wernicke’s aphasia - difficulty in comprehending speech
  • difficulty writing and speaking fluently
  • paraphasia - substituting incorrect words
  • pt unaware of deficit
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9
Q

The temporal lobes are important for which visual functions? ​

A
  • higher visual pathways enter this lobe
  • visual processing of complex stimuli
  • obj recognition
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10
Q

Damage to the temporal lobe could result to what visual impairments?

A
  • similar symptoms to Dr. P
  • prosopagnosia - difficulty recognizing faces
  • loss of upper half of field of vision
  • visual agnosia - cannot ID objs visually
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11
Q

Attention

A
  • selective attention to visual or auditory input
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12
Q

Damage to the temporal lobe could result to what attentional impairments?

A
  • inability to attend to one source of stimulation specifically
  • integration of stimuli perceived in diff sensory modalities (seeing sounds)
  • tested using the McGill picture anomaly task - pt has to name what is wrong with the picture
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13
Q

Memory

A
  • controlled by medial temporal lobe, includes the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus and the amygdala
  • long term memory, spatial memory
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14
Q

Mediotemporal lobe damage

A
  • bilateral damage: memory deficit (anterograde amnesia), difficulty w/ digit span test, H.M., Clive Wearing, and Jimmy Gwas an example
  • R side damage: impairment of spatial memory (EX: learning how to go through a maze)
  • L side damage: impairment of verbal memory (have pt tell you a story, give Wecshler test)
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15
Q

H.M.

A
  • removal of both medial temporal lobes to treat severe seizures
  • resulted in anterograde amnesia (cannot make any new memories)
  • tested via digit span test
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16
Q

Mirror Drawing Task

A
  • pt has to look at a mirror only, and trace a shape
  • H.M. and Jimmy showed improvement, but couldn’t remember doing it
17
Q

Gollins Incomplete Figures

A
  • pt shown pairs of incomplete pictures, should be able to ID what they are earlier and earlier
  • H.M. showed improvement in this task
18
Q

Where was Clive Wearing’s damage centralized?

A
  • L side, due to larger L ventricle
19
Q

Corsi Block Tapping Task

A
  • pt has to tap blocks in order following what the neurpsych does
  • difficulty doing so if R side is damaged
20
Q

Brenda Milner

A
  • cambridge gra who pioneered neuropsychology
  • studies and tested pts before and after temporal lobe removal
21
Q

Rey-Osterrieth Task

A
  • pt is shown a picture and must draw it from memory
  • difficulty when there has been damage to R mediotemporal lobe
22
Q

Temporal lobe epilepsy (excessive activity in the area) can result in changes in personality like:

A
  • aggressive outbursts
  • hallucinations (auditory, visual)
  • changes in sexual activity or orientation
  • religious conversions
  • oversharing in convos, may be difficult to get away from in convos
23
Q

Temporal lobe epilepsy can result in altered states of experience like:

A
  • depersonalization
  • paranoia/paranoid ideas
  • deja vu
  • jammis - opposite of deja vu
24
Q

John from video who had temporal lobe epilepsy

A
  • felt omnipotent after seizures
  • experienced depersonalization
25
Q

Kluver Bucy Syndrome

A
  • severe damage to bilateral mediotemporal lobes
  • insatiable appetite to things
  • change in sexuality, even for inanimate things
  • calm and passive
26
Q

Bilateral damage in the temporal lobes

A
  • anterograde amnesia
27
Q

Jimmy

A
  • cirrhosis of the liver and Korsakoff’s
  • memory deficit - anterograde amnesia
  • memory ended in 1945

Human Neuro (19 decks)

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