Chapter 7: Strain

Question 1

Tissue that provides motion, maintains posture and generates heat. This is called:

Answer 1

Muscle tissue

Question 2

Skeletal muscle: True or False

When it contracts it shortens, thereby drawing one end of itself closer to the other end and pulls the bone it is attached to, through the joints range of motion.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What are the four basic characteristics of muscle tissue?

Answer 3

Excitability

Contractility

Extensibility

Elasticity

Question 4

Characteristic of muscle tissue where in muscle can shorten and thicken generating force to do work.

Answer 4

Contractility

Question 5

Characteristic of muscle tissue wherein it responds to stimulus by producing electrical signals.

Answer 5

Excitability

Question 6

Characteristic of muscle tissue where it can be stretched with out damaging the tissue.

Answer 6

Extensibility

Question 7

Characteristic of muscle tissue where it is the ability to return to the original resting length

Answer 7

Elasticity

Question 8

_____________ - has good blood supply and nerve supply which ensures the ability of prolonged muscle action and also good healing capabilities.

Answer 8

Skeletal muscle

Question 9

Muscle tissue maintains new length after stretch is removed. This is called:

Answer 9

Plasticity

Question 10

Connective tissue surrounds muscle tissue, providing protection and support. This connective tissue can extend beyond the fibers of the muscle belly, and also providing a strong attachment of a muscle to the bone’s periosteum.

Answer 10

Tendon

Question 11

A condition of Overstretch or over contraction of the musculotendinous unit, leading to tearing or rupture.

Answer 11

Strain

Question 12

What are the site that strain may occur?

Answer 12

• Belly of muscle
• Musculotendinous junction
• Body of tendon
• Tenoperiosteal junction

Question 13

Degree of strain wherein there is a 0-20% fibres torn (minor stretch and tear).

Answer 13

Primary Degree

Question 14

Percentage of fibres torn in second degree strain.

Answer 14

20-75%

Question 15

Degree of strain wherein, there is a 75-100% tearing. Often requiring surgical correction.

Answer 15

Tertiary Degree

Question 16

Duration of healing for tertiary degree of strain.

Answer 16

3-6 weeks, sometimes months to heal

Question 17

Duration of healing for Secondary degree of strain.

Answer 17

2 to 3 weeks

Question 18

Duration of healing for Primary degree of strain.

Answer 18

1 week

Question 19

Give three causes of strain:

Answer 19

• Overuse
• Overstretch
• Overcontraction

Question 20

What are the Three Level of severity of strain?

Answer 20

Mild

Moderate

Severe

Question 21

Level of severity of strain with signs and symptoms of lower function and lower activity.

Answer 21

Moderate strain

Question 22

Level of severity of strain with signs and symptoms of minor muscle weakness and muscle stiffness.

Answer 22

Mild strain

Question 23

Level of severity of strain with signs and symptoms of loss of function, Extreme pain or no pain, if total rupture. And it needs immediate attention. Check distal for edema discolour/Red flag

Answer 23

Severe strain

Question 24

What are the test for muscles to identify strain?

Answer 24

• Active ROM
• Passive Relax ROM
• Active resisted

Question 25

What are the Short term Aims for the Treatment of strain?

Answer 25

* Decrease inflammation * Decrease spasm and pain

Question 26

What are the long term aims for the treatment of strain?

Answer 26

* Restore Range of Motion * Re-education for proper stretching and posture

Question 27

What is the positioning for patient with Strain?

Answer 27

* Position of neutral tension * Part positioned for comfort and drainage

Question 28

What are the contributing factors that causes the strain?

Answer 28

* Inadequate warm up before an activity. * limited flexibility * fatique * repetitive overuse or overstressing of muscle

Question 29

Acute strain can be treated with:

Answer 29

(RICE) Rest Ice Compression Elevation

Question 30

Hydrotherapy is used in acute strain by:

Answer 30

Applying Cold compress or Ice pack. if swelling is present.

Question 31

What are the treatment goals for acute strain?

Answer 31

* Reduce pain * Decrease sympathetic nervous system firing * Treat any compensating structures * Reduce Edema * Maintain local circulation proximal to the injury * Reduce but do not remove protective muscle spasm * Do not disturb the hematoma * maintain ROM

Question 32

What are the treatment goals for subacute strain?

Answer 32

* Treatment goals of Acute strain plus; * Prevent adhesion formation * Reduce spasm * Reduce trigger points without disturbing the injury site

Question 33

What are the treatment goals for chronic strain?

Answer 33

* Treatment goals of Acute and Subacute plus; * Reduce chronic edema * Reduce hypertonicity * Treat the scar if the muscle was surgically repaired

Question 34

What is the direction of application of hydrotherapy in Chronic muscle strain?

Answer 34

proximal to the strain and on the lesion site itself.

Question 35

Hydrotherapy in chronic muscle strain includes the use of:

Answer 35

Deep moist heat ( hydrocollator or wax application )

Question 36

Application of alternating hot and cold towels that is useful to flash out edema. What type of hydrotherapy?

Answer 36

Contrast Hydrotherapy

Question 37

It is useful for the affected muscle in sub acute and chronic stages. Includes skin rolling, muscle stripping and gentle frictions to the client's pain tolerance.

Answer 37

Self massage

Question 38

Remedial Exercise is used in Acute strain that includes:

Answer 38

* active free mobility * Isometrics

Question 39

Remedial Exercise is used in subacute strain that includes:

Answer 39

* active free flexibility ( in the late stages)

Question 40

Remedial Exercise is used in chronic strain that includes:

Answer 40

* passive forced * active resisted

Question 41

What are the Home care for muscle strain?

Answer 41

Remedial exercise (include proper stretching, warm up, strengthening). Hydrotherapy