Chapter 12: Bursitis and synovitis Flashcards
Defined as inflammation of a bursa.
Bursitis
________ - is a sac lined with synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid. It protects tissues from abrasion, due to friction against adjacent structures.
bursa
Naturally occurring bursas
true bursa
Bursas that develop as a result of, or in response to, friction, ex – in bunions.
false bursa
Locations of bursa commonly becomes inflamed.
- Shoulder
- Elbow
- Hip
- knee
- Ankle
- Foot
What is the Bursa in the Shoulder?
subacromial subdeltoid bursa
Bursa in the elbow that protects tricep tendon from external impact.
olecranon bursa
Two major sections of subacromial bursa/subdeltoid bursa.
- Medial portion (subacromion)
- Lateral portion (subdeltoid)
Prepatellar bursa is also known as:
housemaid’s knee
What is Bursa in the ankle?
calcaneal bursa
Bursa of the foot is called:
bunion (false bursa)
Bursa of the hip is called:
trocanteric and ischial bursa
What are the causes of bursitis?
- Overuse (excess friction)
- Direct trauma S
- econdary to trauma, ex – dislocation, fracture Inflammation in adjacent structures
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Bacterial infection
What are the signs and symptoms of bursitis?
- Local swelling
- Pain usually constant
- Pain exacerbated when bursa compressed, either directly, or by joint movement or muscle contraction
If without treatment signs and symptoms of bursitis will last for how many days?
can last 10 days or less, becoming a dull ache,and fade in 4 – 6 weeks
What is the onset of bursitis following the trauma?
12 to 72 hours
Test used to identify bursitis.
Fluctuation test
Fluctuation test: tap on the bursa and it creates a _____________ .
wave-like flutter
Aim in the treatment of bursitis. True or False:
- Decrease swelling and pain
- Prevent or decrease adhesion formation in bursa
True
What are the treatment for acute bursitis?
- Passive relaxed ROM to proximal and distal joints
- Acute techniques can be used proximal to inflammation.
- If bursitis is due to trauma - Swedish massage, proximal to injury if indicated.
What are the treatment for subacute bursitis?
- swelling technique
- Origin & Insertion
- Golgi Tendon Organ
- muscle approximation
- Active Assisted ROM (in range, pain free)
- Trigger Points
- Swedish massage proximal to injury
- Reflexive techniques distal to injury
The following are treatment for chronic bursitis. Except:
- Myofascial Release
- Swedish massage
- Trigger points (stretching)
- Passive Relaxed ROM
- Joint mobilization
Except: 4
Hydrotherapy is used in bursitis by using:
cold donut roll or ice massage
Remedial Exercises in Subacute bursitis.
Passive relaxed – (therapist moves it) Gentle active free Isometrics
Remedial Exercises in chronic bursitis.
Progress to full function Strengthen to reduce friction on structural elements
Home care for bursitis includes:
- Hydrotherapy
- Remedial exercises
- Re-educate recreational or occupational activities to prevent repetitive action syndrome
True or False:
Bursas become adhered after repeated bouts of inflammation and as a result, do not swell up as much over-time but the pain is just as severe.
True
It is the Inflammation of a synovial membrane.
Synovitis
_______________ - membrane lining the capsule of a joint (or bursa).
Synovial membrane
Synovial membrane can also be called:
synovium
The following are causes of Synovitis. Except:
- Trauma/subcutaneous injury such as contusion or sprain
- Irritation produced by damaged cartilage
- Exposure to warm environment
- Joint infection
- Joint pathologies
Except: 3
True or False:
In acute synovitis the joint has swelling, become tense but no pain.
False
- Synovitis is painful especially at night
Give Three signs and symptoms of synovitis.
- Joint congestion
- Membrane itself can be swollen
- Increased fluid in joint cavity (effusion)
In chronic synovitis what happened to the articular structures?
Articular structures become irregularly thickened from formation of fibrous tissue
True or False:
In chronic synovitis what happened movement is still allowed.
False
- Movement in synovitis is restricted
What are the signs and symptoms of chronic synovitis?
- Joint grating and creaking
- Possible increased accumulation of fluid (chronic effusion)
- If effusion persists after initial acute inflammation, there will be a decrease in ROM with a boggy end-feel
What are the contraindications of synovitis?
In acute and subacute stages, Do not stretch muscle crossing joint or use joint mobs to stretch joint capsule, in order to restore movement. Just maintain ROM using Active Free ROM.
