Chapter 12: Bursitis and synovitis

Question 1

Defined as inflammation of a bursa.

Answer 1

Bursitis

Question 2

________ - is a sac lined with synovial membrane filled with synovial fluid. It protects tissues from abrasion, due to friction against adjacent structures.

Answer 2

bursa

Question 3

Naturally occurring bursas

Answer 3

true bursa

Question 4

Bursas that develop as a result of, or in response to, friction, ex – in bunions.

Answer 4

false bursa

Question 5

Locations of bursa commonly becomes inflamed.

Answer 5

• Shoulder
• Elbow
• Hip
• knee
• Ankle
• Foot

Question 6

What is the Bursa in the Shoulder?

Answer 6

subacromial subdeltoid bursa

Question 7

Bursa in the elbow that protects tricep tendon from external impact.

Answer 7

olecranon bursa

Question 8

Two major sections of subacromial bursa/subdeltoid bursa.

Answer 8

• Medial portion (subacromion)
• Lateral portion (subdeltoid)

Question 9

Prepatellar bursa is also known as:

Answer 9

housemaid’s knee

Question 10

What is Bursa in the ankle?

Answer 10

calcaneal bursa

Question 11

Bursa of the foot is called:

Answer 11

bunion (false bursa)

Question 12

Bursa of the hip is called:

Answer 12

trocanteric and ischial bursa

Question 13

What are the causes of bursitis?

Answer 13

• Overuse (excess friction)
• Direct trauma S
• econdary to trauma, ex – dislocation, fracture Inflammation in adjacent structures
• Rheumatoid Arthritis
• Bacterial infection

Question 14

What are the signs and symptoms of bursitis?

Answer 14

• Local swelling
• Pain usually constant
• Pain exacerbated when bursa compressed, either directly, or by joint movement or muscle contraction

Question 15

If without treatment signs and symptoms of bursitis will last for how many days?

Answer 15

can last 10 days or less, becoming a dull ache,and fade in 4 – 6 weeks

Question 16

What is the onset of bursitis following the trauma?

Answer 16

12 to 72 hours

Question 17

Test used to identify bursitis.

Answer 17

Fluctuation test

Question 18

Fluctuation test: tap on the bursa and it creates a _____________ .

Answer 18

wave-like flutter

Question 19

Aim in the treatment of bursitis. True or False:

1. Decrease swelling and pain
2. Prevent or decrease adhesion formation in bursa

Answer 19

True

Question 20

What are the treatment for acute bursitis?

Answer 20

• Passive relaxed ROM to proximal and distal joints
• Acute techniques can be used proximal to inflammation.
• If bursitis is due to trauma - Swedish massage, proximal to injury if indicated.

Question 21

What are the treatment for subacute bursitis?

Answer 21

• swelling technique
• Origin & Insertion
• Golgi Tendon Organ
• muscle approximation
• Active Assisted ROM (in range, pain free)
• Trigger Points
• Swedish massage proximal to injury
• Reflexive techniques distal to injury

Question 22

The following are treatment for chronic bursitis. Except:

1. Myofascial Release
2. Swedish massage
3. Trigger points (stretching)
4. Passive Relaxed ROM
5. Joint mobilization

Answer 22

Except: 4

Question 23

Hydrotherapy is used in bursitis by using:

Answer 23

cold donut roll or ice massage

Question 24

Remedial Exercises in Subacute bursitis.

Answer 24

Passive relaxed – (therapist moves it) Gentle active free Isometrics

Question 25

Remedial Exercises in chronic bursitis.

Answer 25

Progress to full function Strengthen to reduce friction on structural elements

Question 26

Home care for bursitis includes:

Answer 26

* Hydrotherapy * Remedial exercises * Re-educate recreational or occupational activities to prevent repetitive action syndrome

Question 27

True or False: Bursas become adhered after repeated bouts of inflammation and as a result, do not swell up as much over-time but the pain is just as severe.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

It is the Inflammation of a synovial membrane.

Answer 28

Synovitis

Question 29

\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ - membrane lining the capsule of a joint (or bursa).

Answer 29

Synovial membrane

Question 30

Synovial membrane can also be called:

Answer 30

synovium

Question 31

The following are causes of Synovitis. Except: 1. Trauma/subcutaneous injury such as contusion or sprain 2. Irritation produced by damaged cartilage 3. Exposure to warm environment 4. Joint infection 5. Joint pathologies

Answer 31

Except: 3

Question 32

True or False: In acute synovitis the joint has swelling, become tense but no pain.

Answer 32

False * Synovitis is painful especially at night

Question 33

Give Three signs and symptoms of synovitis.

Answer 33

* Joint congestion * Membrane itself can be swollen * Increased fluid in joint cavity (effusion)

Question 34

In chronic synovitis what happened to the articular structures?

Answer 34

Articular structures become irregularly thickened from formation of fibrous tissue

Question 35

True or False: In chronic synovitis what happened movement is still allowed.

Answer 35

False * Movement in synovitis is restricted

Question 36

What are the signs and symptoms of chronic synovitis?

Answer 36

* Joint grating and creaking * Possible increased accumulation of fluid (chronic effusion) * If effusion persists after initial acute inflammation, there will be a decrease in ROM with a boggy end-feel

Question 37

What are the contraindications of synovitis?

Answer 37

In acute and subacute stages, Do not stretch muscle crossing joint or use joint mobs to stretch joint capsule, in order to restore movement. Just maintain ROM using Active Free ROM.