Chapter 7: Simple Sentences Flashcards
Argument
Phrases that are required by a predicate.
Adjuncts
Phrases that are not required by a predicate; bijwoorden.
Valency
The nummer of arguments that necessarily accompanies a predicate.
One-place predicate
A predicate that requires just one argument.
Two-place predicate
A predicate that requires two arguments.
Three-place predicate
A predicate that requires three arguments.
Intransitive
One-place predicate.
Transitive
Two-place predicate.
Ditransitive
Three-place predicate.
Four-place predicate
A predicate that requires four arguments.
Zero-place predicate
Predicates that do not require any arguments.
Semantic role
An underlying relationship that a participant has with the main verb in the clause.
Agent
The entity that takes the initiative for an event; the acting person.
Patient
The entity undergoing the action.
Location
The place where an event occurs or entity is located.
Instrument
The entity used to carry out the action.
Recipient
Entity that receives something.
Source
The entity something originates from.
Grammatical role
When the constituent that determines the perspective of a sentence has the grammatical role of subject.
Subject
Person that is being discussed or described; onderwerp.
Active clause
A clause with a transitive predicate where the agent is the subject.
Passive clause
A clause with a transitive predicate where the patient is the subject.
Object
The entity that is acted upon by the subject; lijdend/meewerkend voorwerp.
Cases
The bound expression forms of semantic and grammatical roles.
Valency-reduction
Lowering the number of arguments required by the verb.
Co-referential
What the agent and the patient are when they have the same referent.
Reflexive pronoun
A pronoun referring to the subject of the clause in which it stands; wederkerend voornaamwoord.
Reflexive construction
A clause with a reflective pronoun.
Pronominalisation
To treat as a pronoun or turn into a pronoun.
Pro-drop
When the pronoun is dropped.
Predicate
Expresses a relation between some phrases or specifies a property of a phrase; a simple predicate consists only of verbs.
