Chapter 7- Selection Decisisons & Personel Law Flashcards
Set of predictors(tests) used to make employee hiring decisions
Selection Battery
Applicant accepted and performed well
- Hits (True positives)
Applicant rejected and would have performed poorly
- Correct Rejections ( True negatives)
Applicants accepted but performed poorly
- False alarms (false positives) (Type I Error)
Applicant rejected but would have performed well
- Misses (false negatives)(type II Error)
Those that the organization decided to hire, but they ended up being suboptimal performers…
False alarms (false positive) (type I Error)
The percentage of current employees who are successful on the job…
Base Rate
Recruitment
Process of encouraging potentially qualified applicants to seek employment with a particular company
Agreement or match between KSAOs & values, job demands, organization characteristics
(Does it fit me?)
Person-environment(PE) fit
Cyber vetting
Assessment of an individuals suitability for a job based on internet info
Ex: Facebook accounts, personal blogs, linked in, YouTube account, etc…
The approach to selection occurs when employees are selected through a process which requires minimal scores on more than one predictor and the predictors must be completed in a specific sequence… only those who pass move on to the next phase
Multiple Hurdle
Ex: graduate school admissions
Multiple cutoff approach
Passing scores (cutoffs) are set on each predictor
(Applicant must score higher than cutoff on each predictor)
Ex: surgeons
Statistical technique that allows us to estimate how well a series of predictors forecasts a performance criterion…
Multiple Regression Approach
Useful and cost efficient?
Utility
To the extent that a selection battery is valid. Hits/correct rejections are higher and misses/false alarms are lower
Validity
Study involves collecting predictor data from applicants, gathering their performance data at a later point in time, and then computing a validity coefficient between the predictor and criterion scores
Predictive validity
Used to determine the extent to which a predictor is related to a criterion
Validation study
- predictive validity
- concurrent validity
Statistical approach used to show that test validity do not vary across situations…
Validity generalization
Collect data on both predictors and criteria from incumbent employees at the same time
Concurrent validity
A given selection battery will likely demonstrate lower validity when employed with a different sample
Validity shrinkage
Situational specificity
Test validities are limited to particular situations
Based on the notion that job components common across jobs are related to the same KSAs or human attributes
Synthetic validity
Selection ratio
Number of job openings divided by the number of applicant
The smaller the selection ratio, the better the utility of the selection battery
Protection from discrimination for individuals so are 40 years old or more…
Age Discrimination in Employment (ADEA)
In 1933, the family and medical leave Act was signed, providing _______ for employees to take care of family related issues…
Up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave
If the percentage of applicants hired for a group is less than 80% of the selection rate for the group with the highest selection rate…
Adverse Impact (80% rule of thumb)
When an organization does not have the resources to accommodate individuals with a given disability (part of ADA)
Undue Hardship
Common law doctrine stating that employers have the right to initiate or terminate professional relationships at any given time with or without reason…
Employment at will
This act provided equality of opportunity and equal treatment of all people regardless of “race, color, religion, sex, or national origin”
Civil Rights Act of 1964
A practice employed in many organizations to increase the number of minorities or protected class members in targeted jobs…
Affirmative Action (AA)
This act makes it illegal to provide unequal pay and benefits to men and women who are holding jobs that are equal…
Equal Pay Act of 1963 (EPA)
Claim it is imperative to hire folks of a particular group bc the business cannot be adequately conducted without them
- intentional
- characterized by imposing different standards on different groups of people
Bona Fide Occupational (BFOQ)
Involve employment procedures that apparently unintentionally discriminate against a minority group (unintentional)
Disparate Impact Cases
Discrimination is intentional and a result of differential treatment (intentional)
Disparate treatment cases
“Qualified” person can perform the essential functions of the job, if necessary, with the aid of reasonable accommodations Act…
Americans with disabilities Act (ADA)
Essential functions (part of ADA)
Tasks that are significant and meaningful aspects of the job
Reasonable accommodations (part of ADA)
Changes if exceptions that would allow the qualified disabled individual to successfully do the job
- Most far reaching federal statues prohibiting discrimination
- modified in 1991, deals w/ issues of Monterey damages, jury trials as well as clarifying e/ party’s obligations in adverse impact cases
Civil Rights Act ( 1964, 1991)
One of the most important cases involving Civil Rights Act
Griggs V Duke Powef (1971)
- griggs(African American male) was not hired and presented adverse impact data against African Americans
- duke power said adverse impact was unintentional, but lost largely bc job relatedness if it’s selection battery could not be demonstrated
