Chapter 7 - Pathways to Interstate Peace Flashcards
What do Realists see as the causes of peace? (2)
1) Balance of powers: equilibrium
2) Hegemonic states organizing order and enforcing rules
What do Liberalists see as the causes of peace? (2)
1) Hegemonic stability may be needed to create institutions and rules
2) once hegemon declines institutions and rules are needed
What do constructivists see as the causes of peace? (1)
1) elites and society learning from history to set up narratives and strategic culture permitting peace
What are the 2 theories on power distribution as a condition for peace?
1) Balance of powers
2) hegemony
What do Waltz argue regarding balances of power?
A bipolar system is the most peaceful/stable system - makes it easier to avoid misperceptions
What is a problem with Waltz’s theory of balances of power? (2)
1) mainly good for great powers
2) proxy wars still fought in Cold War in S.E.Asia
What are the 2 state strategies for interstate peace?
1) Diplomacy
2) power balancing
What are 2 types of power balancing?
1) Internal (mobilize economy and military
2) External (creating security alliances)
What is the relationship between econ interdependence and war? (3)
1) Liberals: inverse realtionship between trade and major power war (Mansfield)
2) Realists: cost of disrupting interdependence has not restrained countries (Blanchard)
3) Mid-way: Intervening Variables determining the influence of peace-focused stakeholders determines relationship (Mastanduno)
Problems caused by econ interdependece? (2)
1) Globalization can cause transnational crime, drugs and terrorism
2) More vulnerability to econ crises
(but more incentive for rules/institutions to counter)
What book did Pinker write and what is his argument? (2)
1) The Better Angels of Our Nature
2) we live in the most peaceful time in history
