Chapter 7 - Learning

Question 1

the ability to collect stimuli (what occurs in the environment) with responses (behaviors or other actions)

Answer 1

Conditioning

Question 2

learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus (ex. a bell) becomes associated with a stimulus (ex. food) that naturally produces behavior

Answer 2

Classical Conditioning

Question 3

something (smell of food) that naturally triggers a response

-one of the senses

Answer 3

Unconditioned Stimulus (US)

Question 4

the naturally occuring response (salivation) that follows the unconditioned stimulus

Answer 4

Unconditioned Response (UR)

Question 5

a neutral stimulus that, after being repeatedly presented prior to the unconditioned stimulus, begins to evoke a similar response as the unconditional stimulus

Answer 5

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

Question 6

an aquired response to the formerly neutral stimulus

Answer 6

Conditioned Response (CR)

Question 7

learning that occurs based on the consequences of behavior

Answer 7

Operant Conditioning

Question 8

the strenthening (increasing) of a response by presenting (adding) a typically pleasurable stimulus after the response

Answer 8

Positive Reinforcement

Question 9

the strengthening (increasing) of a response by removing a typically unpleasant stimulus after the response

Answer 9

Negative Reinforcement

Question 10

the weakening (decreasing) of a response by presenting (adding) a typically unpleasant stimulus after the response

Answer 10

Positive Punishment

Question 11

the weakening (decreasing) of a response by removing a typically pleasant stimulus after the response

Answer 11

Negative Punishment

Question 12

the tendency to respond to stimuli that resemble the original conditioned stimulus

Answer 12

Generalization

Question 13

learning by observing the behavior of others

Answer 13

Observational Learning